t1
... A Look at Education's Role Today
ON BOARD ...
State to Withhold 4 Systems' Funds
For the first time since the Minimum Foundation Law was passed in 1960, the State Board of Education voted to withhold state funds from four school systems having deficits in their operating budgets . Carroll, Henry, Toombs and Bartow Counties will receive no state funds except to pay teachers' and bus drivers' salaries until a satisfactory plan for deficit elimination has been filed and approved. The Boards of Education of these counties were notified five years ago that they must eliminate theri existing deficits by 1966. They have not been eliminated; they have instead increased. "We really had no choice," said Finance Committee Chairman Robert Wright.
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Standards Coordinator Clyde Pearce gave Board members a report on the survey's status-what has been done to train team members, how the Standards survey will be carried out, and what can be expected from it. (See story on page 4.)
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In other action the Board : approved the Department of Education's Administrative Procedures Manual; approved $100,000 in federal construction funds, to be matched with local and Appalachian funds, for construction of the Northeast Georgia Regional Library; appointed a statewide Library Advisory Committee on public liorary construction; approved an increase in state funds from $20,000 to $25,000 for each of four Shared Services Projects operating in the state this year; approved annual budgets for the following systems which have submitted
(continued on page 2)
$883.2 Million Asked For School Budget
Georgia will spend more for public education in the next two years than ever before.
The State Board of Education has approved an education . budget that would raise Georgia's average teacher salary to $6,433 in 1967-68.
The record $883.2 million proposal includes a $10 million boost in funds over the amount requested by the Department of Education. State Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix was "very pleased" with the Board's action in adding more funds for school buildings, maintenance and operation expenses and textbooks.
Superintendent Nix and his staff recommended $2 million in authority lease rentals the second year of the biennium, to finance about $25 million in new buildings. At the urging of Board member Donald Payton, DeKalb County, the Board voted an additional $2 million the first year to provide total building funds of about $50 million over the two-year period.
"At this rate," said Mr. Payton, "the State can reduce the building lag from two years to one year. Areas in need of new buildings will have to wait only one year between their need and its fulfillment."
Mr. Nix had proposed maintenance and operation funds of $700 per year per state-allotted teacher the first year of the biennium, and $800 the second year. The current figure is $620. The Board upped this figure by $230 to $850 each year in an effort to relieve local systems of a part of rising Minimum Foundation matching requirements.
According to Georgia education law, local matching requirements increase by one per cent each year until a level of 20 % local-SO% state is reached. For 1966-67, local systems are contributing $48,279,978, or 17% of the cost of operating their schools. The figures will rise in the next two years to 18% or $63,854,065 in 1967-68 and 19% or $69,202 ,060 in 1968-69. "Part of the increase is due to the one per cent increase in matching funds," according to Arvil Ensley, Department Budget Officer, "and part to an increase in total expenditures because of growing enrollments and pupil costs."
The $230 annual increase in M&O would help systems by relieving maintenance and operation funds for use in other areas of the school program. For example, Baldwin County, a medium-sized system with between 5,
(continued on page 8)
OCT2 4'66
INSIDE
E D U C A T I O N with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
I hope each of you in education had a good summer, and that you are facing this school year with the happy anticipation of a first grader.
It is clear you have been thinking and planning ahead, for the year is off to a good start. So far we have had no insurmountable problems, and our good beginning is a result of your efforts. It is evident that superintendents, with their staffs and local school boards, are truly putting the first thing first-the education of childrenin resolving those local problems brought about by federal decree. The ~taff of the Department of Education is ready to help you at any time, in any way possible, to insure continued success.
We are pleased we were able to provide school systems with an additional $100 in maintenance and operation funds for this year, bringing the total up to $620 for 1966-67, We realize this is one of the most difficult problems you face, since total M&O costs are not reflected in Foundation support at the state level. We intend to exert further effort toward providing additional support in this area, as indicated in the $850 M&O allotment provision in the 1967-69 biennium budget. We are also pleased that we were able to increase bus drivers' salaries as made possible by the Legislature.
We are gratified to have had the opportunity to work with Governor. Carl Sanders and the State Board of Education in adding $200 to the teacher salary raise already scheduled for this fall. We hope through cohesive effort on the part of the state's 42,000 teachers, and local and state personnel, we will be able next fall to fully implement the new salary schedule raising beginning teacher salaries to $5,200.
If we are able to do this, there will be no doubt remaining that the State of Georgia has made up its mind to have quality education. And we will let nothing deter us from achieving this goal.
Next month in this space> we will provide you with a thorough analysis of the biennium budget for education so you may begin to plan for the future. We want every individual in education to have a complete understanding of the budget proposals so, together, we may work for the support we need to see it through the Legislature.
We hope you find this new publication, Georgia ALERT, helpful and informative. We are pleased to have it as a means of communicating with you regularly throughout the school year, and we welcome your comments.
ON BOARD-
(continued from page 1)
satisfactory plans for elimination of operating deficits: Cartersville City, Fayette, Taylor, Telfair, Emanuel, Dodge and Johnson Counties; authorized the State Department of Education to notify eligible school systems of their entitlements to capital outlay funds under Board formula and contingent on their having bonds outstanding amounting to 75% of their bonding capacities as of 1959-60 school year; denied a request for consolidation funds for Dade County until the system's Board of Education can submit a complete program of consolidation for county schools; approved additions to the 1966 revision of Curriculum Framework for Georgia Schools to bring the new edition into conformity with Standards; approved an amendment to the Georgia State Plan for Guidance, Counseling and Testing to allow development of elementary school guidance programs; set a special meeting October 14 to confer with Dr. Dean M. Schweickhard, of the University of Minnesota, project director of a federallyfinanced study of state board policies and regulations in which Georgia is participating.
NEXT BOARD MEETING: Oct. 19.
COMMITTEE MEETINGS: Oct. 12.
State Staff Looks at Its Internal, External Communications
Educational jargon as a stumbling block in telling the education story came under attack when more than 300 of Georgia's Department of Education professional staff members convened for their annual conference at the FFA-FHA Camp, Jackson Lake, September 27-29. The conference theme in part was centered around external and internal communications.
Featured at the opening dinner meeting was Dr. R . L. Johns, Professor of School Administration, University of Florida, with the topic "Emerging Role of the State Department of Education." State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix addressed the group Wednesday morning on "Where We Are," and Dr. William H. Hale, Associate Director for Communications, Univer-
sity of Georgia Center for Continuing Education, talked about "Internal and External Communications."
In small groups, staff members discussed such topics as public relations, communications, regional curriculum laboratory, persoi:mel, Title I and Title II. In informal buzz groups, they took a critical look at themselves, their aims, actions and activities.
Page 2
LUNCH LINES
Carroll Lance, R egional
Coordinator of National Project Public Information, chats with Superintendent Nix about PI survey underway nationwide. Lance is with Florida Department of Education.
HEADLINERS
Les Trotter is new Chief of Section Construction and Review in the Division of Administrative Services . . . Dallas E. Williams has been promoted to Procurement and Services Officer with the Office of Staff Services . . . Bob McCants has been promoted to Rehabilitation Supervisor II and John Jackson named to Rehabilitation Research Associate II in the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation . . . Miss Frances King is Supervisor of Home Economics, replacing Mrs. Inez Tumlin, who retired . . . Herbert Nash has been promoted to Education Program Coordinator with the Division for Exceptional Children . . . Joe Edwards has been promoted to Title II (ESEA) Coordinator, and Cecil P. Rice appointed Departmental Engineer in the Office of Administrative Services . . . Mrs. Bernice McCullar retired April 30 as Director of Information . . . Jarrot Lindsey, Jr., is head of the new unit, Publications and Information Services, which replaced the Information Office . . . H. J. Harpe has been promoted to Assistant Rehabilitation Program Supervisor, Morgan J. Williamson to Rehabilitation District Supervisor, Guy W. Cabe to Rehabilitation Review Specialist, and J. Ralph Hampton to Rehabilitation District Supervisor . . . Robert N. Shigley is new Education Program Executive in charge of Title III (ESEA) ... Jack A. Roberts is new Educational Consultant for Exceptional Children . . . Edward Glenn Barnes is new in charge of measurement and evaluation, Pupil
Personnel Services ... Oscar M. Wilson has been promoted to Education Program Executive with ETV . . . Miss Ann Hamilton has been appointed a consultant in the visiting teacher unit of the Division of Pupil Personnel Services ... Dr. B. E. Childers has joined the HEW Regional Office as representative for the Bureau of Adult and Vocational Education ... Dr. Hayden Bryant has retired as Director of Teacher Education and Certification ... Mrs. Ellen B. Coody, former Distributive Education Teacher-Coordinator in Atlanta, has been named Executive Secretary for the Georgia Vocational Association ... Mrs. Lucille Conoly has retired as Chief Accountant and Mrs. Sara Divine as coordinator of teacher inservice training . . . Dr. Palaemon Hilsman has been named Staff Physician III with the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation.
Teacher Shortage Still a Problem
State Board members are concerned over a teacher shortage report made prior to the opening of school (1 ,644) and continued shortage reports from school systems over the State since school opened. The Board asked Superintendent Jack Nix to resurvey the situation and report back to Board Chairman James Peters at the earliest possible date. If the shortage remains acute, the Board will meet in a special session in October.
"School Lunch Serves the Nation" will be the theme of School Lunch Week observances . throu~hout Georgia October 9-16.
Superintendents, supervisors, teachers, school lunch personnel and parents taking a look at school lunch will see the dynamic growth of the program since its beginning 20 years ago under legislative sponsorship of Georgia Senator Richard B. Russell.
Last year 122 million meals were served 700,000 children in Georgia school lunchrooms-almost four times as many as the 33 million meals served in 1946, the first year of the National School Lunch Program. Nineteen hundred of the state's 1,941 schools participate in the program, receiving an average 10 cents per meal in federal cash payments and foods. The schools in turn provide 1/ 3 to 1/ 2 each child's daily nutritional requirements in the Type A school lunch ( 1/ 2 pint milk; 2 oz. or equivalent protein-rich food;
3I 4 cup serving of two or more vege-
tables or fruit, or both; one serving enriched or wholegrain bread; 2 tsp. butter or margarine) . The Type A lunch not only safeguards youngsters' health, it teaches them good food habits.
Through the years the price of school lunch has been kept as low as possible, since USDA reports that a nickel increase in price means an 8-12 % decrease in participation. Use of USDA Plentiful Foods Lists helps keep costs down . This month turkeys, potatoes, grapes and peanut products will find their way onto lunch trays because of their plentifulness. Eighty per cent of all food used in the lunch program is purchased locally and amounts to a $25 million annual grocery bill in Georgia.
Only One!
Georgia has only one one-room school this year, Jackson County's South Jackson School. Three one-room schools have consolidated with larger operations since 1965. Since mid1964, 103 public schools in the state have consolidated.
Page 3
ICIC:IIil-
- HOW CAN STANDARDS
MEASURE A SCHOOL
By Anne S. Raymond How good are Georgia schools? Are they below average? Better than most? Everybody wants to know - from the State Superintendent of Schools to the youngster in the classroom. Of course, Georgia educators and laymen have some idea about the quality of their schools. But should there not be some way to determine the answers precisely? The State Board of Education thinks so. And soon the conjecture will be at an end . "Standards for Public Schools of Georgia," developed to measure the quality of the state's public elementary and high schools, will be applied to every school in the state by 1967-68. The "Standards" are criteria established by the Board governing the operation of all public schools and school systems in Georgia. They apply to such areas as general organization, administration , teaching staff, resource staff (art or fore ign language consultants), school plant, fiscal policies, curriculum, library and inter-scholastic activities - in short - just about every measurable phase of school operation. Within these broad areas individual criteria will be used to determine whether and to what extent schools meet the Standards. How Will They Be Applied? Evaluation of the state's schools IS already under way, with the first phase of the program scheduled to be finished by December 1. The Department of Education has designated 90
Page 4
members of its professional staff as evaluators. In fifteen teams of six members each , they will visit schools all over the state. Each is under supervision of the Department of Education's District Director in that area. Each team member is visiting and evaluating an average of two schools per day during the three months period allocated for application of the Standards .
The evaluation will consist of a scheduled "walk-through" of the school, with the team member accompanied by the school's principal. A checklist will be used by the evaluator in looking at such items as the school plant, physical facilities, equipment, curriculum, etc. Purpose of the walkthrough, says Standards Coordinator Clyde Pearce, is "to help the evaluator form impressions about the school
and its program." Following the tour, the evaluator and the principal will work together in determining whether the school does or does not meet each individual criterion contained in the Standards.
Team members, carefully chosen from among Department of Education staff by Associate State Superintendents of Schools Allen Smith and Titus Singletary and Assistant Superintendent Kenneth Tidwell, have spent many sessions studying the Standards to achieve uniformity of interpretation and develop procedures for evaluation.
Each school or system will be judged by the set of standards which applies to it: i.e., System Wide Standards, Standards for Elementary Schools, Standards for Junior High Schools, Standards for Secondary Schools, Standards for Combination
Members of a Standards evaluation team get briefing from R. G. Williams, Assistant Director, Department Administrative Leadership Division. Left to right are H. D. Hatchett, Miss Frances King, G. G. Bailey, Mr. Williams, John Maddox and Miss Jean Abt, all members of Department of Education staff.
Schools. The first year of application of the
Standards is to be strictly a "fact-finding" period, explains State Supt. of Schools Jack P. Nix. Results of the current analysis will be evaluated and the Standards will be revised and
edited. "When the 1967-68 school year
comes around, schools will be officially evaluated and designated as either 'standard' or 'unclassified.' Unclassified schools will probably be given a period of time in which to meet the
Standards. In the checklist which evaluators
will use, several criteria comprise a standard. Each item is designated either R (Required), E (Essential), or D (Desirable). Ultimately, every school in the state will have to meet every required item to be designated a "Standard School.'' If a school is not standard, it is unclassified.
The material which evaluating teams will gather this year will be processed by computer. A detailed analysis will serve as a basis for revision of the Standards before final application is made. Mr. Pearce gives this example: "Right now it is required that 20% of the teachers in a school have master's degrees. We may find, after this year's survey, that this is unrealistic. If only a very small percentage of Georgia schools can meet this requirement, it would probably be judged too stringent and would be revised downward. Or it might be retained, but with a later cut-off date than other criteria.''
How the Standards Came About Georgia is unique among states in its development of the Standards. No other state in the nation has a program of standards or accreditation that is compulsory upon all schools if they are to qualify for state aid. And no other state department of education has ever attempted to send an official representative into every school in the state to evaluate its facilities , personnel and programs. How did all of this come about? It was not just happenstance. Writers of the Minimum Foundation Law for Education, Senate Bill 180, provided that "The State Board shall establish
COMMENTS:
(EDITOR's NoTE: ALERT telephoned at random over the state asking superintendents and others in education to comment on Standards. Here are some of the reactions.) Sam Wood, Superintendent of Clarke County Schools: "We have no feeling pro or con; we all know what is coming, and we understand the purpose. The State Board is endeavoring to insure progress in all schools, and we all want to measure up. We have studied the Standards rather thoroughly." Roy Rollins, Superintendent of Richmond County Schools: "I think we can realize some good from the Standards. There are several things that are unreasonable and that we need to take another look at. . .. " M. S. McDonald , Superintendent of Rome City Schools: "I have no objection to the Standards. I think they are good and can be used to our advantage. They will be a help to us, because they will point out our weaknesses and give us a standard toward which to work. This will help us enlist the aid of our school boards and communities in gaining improvements. There are a few problems, especially with old schools, but the Standards are flexible. We ought not to be satisfied with everything we have anyhow. .. . " C. P. Hamilton, Superintendent of Ware County Schools: "I believe the Standards will be very beneficial to our educational system. Some things may seem impossible now, but there is more good in them than anything else. As I understand it, this year we will be establishing a norm toward which we can strive in the future.'' Julius Gholson, Superintendent of Bibb County Schools: "The Standards are a move in the right
(more on page 7)
A. Q. Hagan, left, Director of Fifth District Services, Department of Education , explains Standards to Fulton County School Superintendent Dr. Paul West.
and enforce minimum standards for operation of all phases of public school education in Georgia ..."
In compliance with the Bill's directive, the State Board early in 1965 appointed a 19-member study committee of laymen and educators, with Dr. William Henry Shaw, superintendent of Muscogee County Schools, as chairman. Ex-officio members were State Board Chairman James S. Peters of Manchester; then State School Superintendent Claude Purcell; and Dr. Singletary, in charge of the Office of Instructional Services.
In preparing its report, the group considered requirements of Senate Bill 180, standards of the Georgia Accrediting Commission and of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools . This group's report was not adopted by the board, but it formed the basis from which a smaller committee developed a revised set of standards.
Members of the new group were Cliff Kimsey Jr., chairman, Donald Payton and Henry Stewart (members of the State Board); and Drs. Singletary and Smith.
The five educators, using as a basis the original report of the Standards Committee, refined it to the present set of standards following a period of field-testing by nine school systems in the state. The standards were edited and clarified, and each criterion was phrased so that it could be answered yes or no. This final report was
(continued on page 7)
Page 5
AL E1 R'T R 'E .1POR',.S '
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... on Education
New Title il Rules "No Problem"According to Joe Edwards, State Coordinator of Title II Projects, the new, stiffer rules for distribution of funds under Title I I will present no problem in Georgia because of a State Plan under which we are operating. The new rules merely advise states they must make certain federal funds are going where they are most needed (per capita distribution basis alorie is not satisfactory). Georgia distributes Title II funds to local systems based 40 per cent on enrollment and 60 per cent on need for school library resources, textbooks and other instructional materials. "Georgia's interest," according to Edwards, "is in helping the child and the teacher, not the school."
Arnold Bowers of Newnan and W. 0 . Cloud of Cuthbert are serving as consultants with Mr. Edwards. The office is accepting project applications now until its March 1, 1967, deadline. Georgia's tentative allotment for Title II in 1967 is $2,171,676, all from federal funds . "Systems must be in compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to receive Title II services," said Mr. Edwards. Nix Helps Plan State Centers-Superintendent Nix attended a Chicago conference in August to help plan education centers to meet needs of state school administration. Plans were made for one or more centers to concern themselves with in-service training, research, internships, short courses, doctoral majors. The conferees included chief state school officers and representatives of teacher education institutions. New Research Unit-About $211,000 has been approved by the U.S. Office of Education to establish a State Coordinating Unit for Occupational Research and Development in Vocational Education. The new Unit, under direction of the Department's Dr. Gene Bottoms in Vocational' Education, will provide research information to enable vocational educators to better plan and
Page 6
execute an effective vocational education program in Georgia for all levels of occupations. The Unit will pinpoint problems in occupational training, conduct research on these problems as well as encourage other agencies in research. Another Georgia First-An Administrative Procedures Manual for use by personnel in the State Department of Education is the first of its kind in the nation. Information in the loose-leaf binder covers problems which might arise in any area of Department administration such as personnel, purchasing, etc. As policies change, so can pages in the manual be changed-no bookshelf dust-catcher here. It is all part of the Department's effort toward efficiency and economy in school administration.
How "Type A" Is A Type A Lunch?
-The answer to this question may lie in a research project being conducted by the Consumer and Food Economics Research Service which will examine lunches being served in schools across the country. Are they nutritional? Are
there enough calories? Too many? Lunches actually being served will be whisked from the school lunch lines in 300 schools across the country, packed in dry ice, shipped to a central laboratory for analysis. Overall goal is improvement in school lunches. Georgia's part in the project? Eighteen schools have been selected to participate. Learning Disabilities Studied - The Department's Division for Exceptional Children sponsored an Athens conference in September concentrating on extreme learning problems of school age children. The area of study, coming into focus nationwide in recent months, is concerned with children having minimal brain dysfunction. The youngsters are generally not mentally retarded, yet in certain skills are retarded; not severely emotionally disturbed , yet with some emotional difficulties due to special problems. Conference aim was pinpointing specific problems and charting a statewide coordinated program for this special group. Department's Jean Abt was Conference Coordinator.
ALERT BRIEFS ...
The fifth station in the Georgia ETV network, Channel 20 at Wrens, began programming September 12. Named WCES-TV, it serves the Central Savannah River area. Its tower is tallest east of the Mississippi. The network resumed fu ll day programming September 12, including in its fall schedule a new music series developed during the summer.
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Georgia authors, past and present, and their contributions to literature will be spotlighted in the state's schools during Georgia Authors Week, November 6-12. The Georgia Writers Association, Inc., sponsors, suggest that schools schedule speeches by Georgia authors, exhibits of their books and readings of their poetry . "Who knows? ," says Mrs. Raymond Massey, GWA president. "We may
discover another Sidney Lanier, Byron Herbert Reece, Carson McCullars or Flannery O'Connor!"
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Beginning January 1, 1967, the Department of Education will accept applications for the seventh-year teaching certificate recognizing the Doctorate Degree. The biennium budget to be presented to the Legislature in 1967 includes a salary schedule recognizing the doctorate for the first time. According to Dr. Titus Singletary, Jr., Associate Superintendent, "the issuance of the certificate does not mean that the proposed salary schedule has been financed. This action is being taken so that holders of such certificates wi ll be eligible, whenever the schedule is financed, to take advantage of such advancement immediately."
COMMENTS: (continued from page 5)
direction. There are a few things we need to amend or modify so as not to impose impossible goals in some areas. They will bring about tremendous changes and thus raise the level of education in general. Actually, the Standards are the accrediting rules on a more up-to-date basis. They cover all aspects of the school program; I don't know of a thing they omit." Dr. Titus Singletary, Jr., Associate State Superintendent of Schools and member of the committee which developed the Standards: "We have made too many decisions in education without the complete facts in hand. We have often decided things in the face of pressure groups, setting priorities in direct proportion to the loudest clamor. The Standards study will for the first time provide us with in-depth facts and information on which to make intelligent decisions. The study has two main strengths: one is the definitive and explicit character of the instrument; the other is the constructive use we can make of these details." Donald Payton, Member, State Board of Education: "The beauty of the program at this point is that it has done so much for educators. It is providing resource data for local superintendents and principals; it is getting them involved and dedicated. The end result will be the better education of the pupil." Jack P. Nix, State Superintendent of Schools: "The Standards are our opportunity to put together a total education program. They will enable us to bring up the level of education in all systems -not just a few. The fact that they are far beyond requirements of the Southern and Georgia Accrediting Associations puts us way out in front.
Dr. Claude /vie, left, Standards evaluator, and Bob Hamil, principal of th e M eadows Elem entary School, Fulton County, check th e school's library facilities, being used by Randy Johns and Sharon Marsh all.
How Can Standards Measure ... ?
(continued from page 5) adopted by the State Board m April , 1966.
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"A great step forw ard " The single most important action we have ever taken . . ." "A significant day in the history of Georgia education . . . " These were some of the statements by Board members on the day the Standards were adopted. Comment from Georgia educators and parents reflects the Board's attitude. "As a general rule the reaction has been favorabl e," says Mr. Pearce. "Perhaps the biggest source of discontent has been with those criteria applying to inter-scholastic activities. We feel that the basic problem is that the full purpose of the criteria is not understood. There is no intent to eliminate any existing activity, but rather to control those activities which might be detrimental to the academic welfare of the students."
Effects of the Standards "Many of the recommendations of the McClurkin Report will be accomplished if these standards are met," he points out. The effect will be a general upgrading of the quality of the educational program, an incre ased awareness of current practices, and an accumulation of a great wealth of facts and knowledge about the total program of public school education in Georgia. For the first time, the State Superintendent of Schools will be able to
face the State Legislature armed with facts about the state's educational program. At the same time, the state will be feeding back information to local schools so that they will know not only about themselves, but about themselves in comparison with other schools in their system and in the state.
Many school systems are already looking ahead to th e time when they will be officially evaluated. Cook County, for ex ample, thinking about consolidation of small schools which could not poss ibly measure up to the Standards, has asked for a survey committee from the Department to evaluate building and curriculum needs. Superintendents of six of the nine fi eld-test systems, on a panel together at th e annu al convention of the state's school superintendents, unanimously endorsed the Standards and told their fellow superintendents that they see much practical value in them.
Mr. Pearce notes that the very fact that we now have standards which exceed any previous requirements has stimulated many school system superintendents and boards of education to begin planning to meet not only the basic required items, but to go beyond th e m .
The first official application of the Standards will not designate differences in quality among schools; they will be termed only "standard " or " unclassified." But eventually, according to Mr. Pearce, schools will be rated as to quality. That is for the future.
Page 7
I
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-Vocational Unit Lines Up Wi-H>oth.--iLI--?e-gislation, Reorganizes Staff
Since the passage of the Vocational Education Act of 1963, the Vocational Education Division in the State Department of Education has somewhat suffered organizationally in that the new Act's philosophy and permissiveness has broadened the base of occupational training programs which can be offered by vocational education.
To bring the operation of the Division more in line with the new legislation, George Mulling, State Vocational Director, asked the State Board for approval of a new organizational struc-
ture based oq the :purposes of the new act rather than along the traditional program service lines.
Basically, this change means that where in the past the Division operated by program services such as Home Economics, Distributive Education, Agriculture, etc., the new pattern groups all secondary programs into one unit, all post secondary and adult programs into another unit, all' services into a third unit, and administration into a fourth unit. Specialists for the various vocational programs will fit
into these broad categories. J. G. Bryant, former State Supervisor of Vocational Agriculture, has been named Assistant Director for Secondary Programs; Ed Bodenhamer and J. W. Browne, former Assistant Supervisors of Trade and Industrial Education, will head the Post Secondary and Adult Unit and the Administrative Services Unit, respectively; and Dr. Gene Bottoms, former Supervisor of Guidance and Research, will head the Leadership Services and Research Unit.
Expanded Budget Asks 883.2 Million Dollars
(continued from page 1)
dents, earns 252 state-allotted teachers this year. M&O funds
received from the state will amount to $156,240 at $620 per
teacher. The new M&O figure would give Baldwin an addi-
tional $47,527 next year to alleviate part of the system's
share of MFPE items. This year Baldwin's required local
effort is $213,481 and it will continue to increase. (The
$47,527 takes into account the 1% increase in required local
effort.)
Textbook funds were increased by the Board by about
$392,000, making a total increase of $524,317 for the
biennium.
The largest single item of increase in the budget as pre-
sented to the Board is an. average raise of $1,25 8 for the
state's 39,990 teachers. Salaries will take $250,173,681 of
the first year budget, $205,142,418 to come from state funds
and $45 ,031,263 from local funds.
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New items in the budget include:
Provisions for financing Section 15 of MFPE (Consum-
able Supplies): $3,501,711;
Driver education: $625,500; School lunch funds: 2c per meal to help defray costs to local systems: $2,800,000. Other increases in funds will go to adult basic education, teacher scholarships, vocational education, educational television , public library services and construction, and a program for the gifted to be carried out at the local level during regular school hours. The budget, to be submitted to the General Assembly in January following review by the Budget Bureau and by the Governor, includes funds from all sources-local, state and federal. It totals $435.2 million the first year, of which about $359 million would be state funds. Of the $447.9 million total for the second year, about $367.4 would be state funds. The proposed budget would involve the appropriation of about $181 million in new state money over the two-year period. It would raise the per pupil expenditure to an estimated $485 per year in 1967-68. 1t is now approximately $438.
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I II ... A Look at Education's Role Today
ON BOARD ...
Emergency Action Cuts Shortage
Two emergency certification measures approved by the State Board of Education in October will put 300 teachers in Georgia classrooms immediately.
The Board action amounted to this: previously, non state-certificated persons with four years of college and three years of teaching experience could teach on an emergency certificate for up to three years. This period was extended to four years. Previously, a teacher with three years of college who had prior teaching experience on an emergency certificate but was not state certified, could teach for one year on an emergency certificate; The new ruling allows systems to employ these teachers for a second year.
Results of a September survey of local systems showed that these two measures would make it possible for superintendents to fill about 300 of 700 existing vacancies on their faculties.
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The Board also: accepted a resolution from the Georgia Horticultural Society asking that plans for new school buildings include specifications and funds for landscaping; postponed action on an appeal from Laurens County because the parties involved failed to appear at the meeting; appointed the State Superintendent and members of the Instruction Committee to study present regulations and future plans for teacher aides and other teacher assistance personnel; accepted the invitation of Clarke County Superintendent Sam Wood to visit two unique schools in the county on Nov. 22; approved a revision of policies for
(continued on page 8)
Voters to Consider Education Measures
Georgia voters on Nov. 8 will consider four amendments to the state constitution which vitally affect the state's educational program. Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix has given the endorsem*nt of the Department of Education tothese amendments:
"If we are to continue the program of quality education which we have begun for the children of Georgia, we need this enabling legislation. I would like very much to see Georgia voters approve these four amendments when they go to the polls Nov. 8. They are essential for our continued progress. "
The amendments, which will appear as numbers 1, 4, 6, and 13 on the election ballot, grew out of the 1965 and 1966 sessions of the Georgia General Assembly.
The first amendment would make it possible for school systems that wish to do so to consolidate across county lines or to merge city systems with county systems if voters in each area involved approve the consolidation in separate referenda. It would allow voluntary consolidation across
(continued on page 8)
,_rtf/dill!!;
'EDUCRTIDfl
State Superintendent of Schools Ja ck P. Nix speaks on " G eorgia ALERT-A L ook At Education's R ole Ton1~rrow" at th e fourth annual Go vernor's Con ference on Education. From left to right are C lyde Kimball, Jr. , President of Geo rgia Education Association ; Tommy Irvin , Habersham County Representative to th e General Assembly; Mr. Nix . (See story and picture on page 3 .)
INSIDE
E D U C A T I O N with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
At the recent Governor's Conference on Education, 'I told many of you who attended that I firmly believe education is the first responsibility of state government. Our very survival as a state and nation is dependent upon how well we meet the educational needs of tomorrow. The future of education is truly the future of Georgia.
When we discuss the budget, it may seem somewhat cold and mathematical. Of course, the real importance of the budget lies not in the figures themselves but in what they represent in terms of quality education for the boys and girls and adults of our state.
For instance, we are proposing to spend more than one billion dollars of state, local and federal funds for the education of Georgians in the next two years. With this money we will try to meet the needs created by an increased school population as well as to provide quality in the educational program.
$726 million are state dollars-of which more than 95 percent will actually go directly to local systems. This leaves less than three percent for operating the State Department of Education, two percent for administration of vocational rehabilitation programs, and one percent for state facility capital outlay.
The major increase in the biennium budget is for upgrading teachers' salaries. New funds for this purpose amount to $79 million over the two-year period. $15 million is proposed for increasing maintenance and operation of our schools and sick leave benefits, and $11 million will go into upgrading salaries of certified personnel other than teachers.
The salary increases we propose would raise the average teacher's salary from $5895 to $7120 by 1969. The maintenance and operation increase to $850 per state allotted teacher would help to offset the required increase in local effort brought about by rising educational effort at the state level.
There is about a two-year period between the time we need a new classroom until the time it is available for occupancy. By raising the amount of funds we put into the school building authority by
Page 2
$2 million each year of the biennium, we will reduce the lag.
We are asking $2,800,000 to finance Section 15 of Senate Bill 180 providing $3 per pupil for consumable materials in school systems.
If our proposals are approved, the state will be able to contribute to the school lunch program two cents per meal served. This would amount to $5.4 million for the two-year period. To initiate a statewide driver education program, more than $1 million over the two-year period is proposed to provide two-month summer programs in all Georgia high schools.
Supplementary to the free textbook program in the state is the public library system, which we hope to expand with grants in excess of $8 million. This includes anticipated federal grants of more than $5 million.
To enable us to expand our high school vocational programs and provide funds for increased operation of area vocational-technical schools, we are proposing more than $41 million, an increase of about $7 million state dollars.
Our increased investment in vocational rehabilitation comes to $11.5 million in the biennium, bringing our total in two years to about $44 million. An additional $5.5 million is included in the budget for construction at our four state-operated schools and several vocational rehabilitation centers.
Several things are not included in the budget, and among them are programs I consider our most important needs. In the next few years we must take steps to provide Georgia with public kindergartens, a reduced pupil-teacher ratio in all grades, and additional teacher ~alary and M & 0 increases. These will have to be accepted by the General Assembly and the next administration.
This plan for Georgia education, if approved by the Budget Bureau and the legislature, will insure continuation of the progress we have already begun. As we plan ahead, we must free ourselves of the restricted thinking of yesterday. We need to think big. We need to think new. And we need to think ahead. We are doing well in Georgia. But we must do better.
LUNCH LINES
The 89th Congress passed several pieces of legislation affecting the school lunch program in Georgia.
The Child Nutrition Act was approved during the second session, but was funded only on a token basis. The Act provides for: 1. Continuation of the Special Milk Program trough 1970; 2. Establishment of a Pilot Breakfast Program for children who are poor or who travel long distances ; 3. Non-food assistance to help needy schools purchase equipment; 4. State administrative funds to carry out the Act; 5. The USDA as the coordinating agency for all federally assisted food service programs.
The appropriations passed by Congress provided only for $2 million for the Breakfast Program and $750,000 for the non-food assistance. Georgia's share will be about $70,000 for breakfast and $30,000 for assistance.
The Fair Labor Standards Act as amended by Congress provides a minimum wage of $1 per hour for school food service workers, effective Feb. 1, 1967. The minimum will increase gradually to $1.60 in 1970.
Milk Price to Schools: The Georgia Milk Commission has issued an order establishing the maximum price of milk to schools for the rest of the academic year as 7 cents per half pint carton or 6:1 cents per half pint when purchased in bulk. Miss Martin notes that a saving of 1/z cent per half pint represents close to ~ million dollars to the state's school food service program.
Plentiful Foods for November: Turkeys, raisins, pork, grapes, pears, dry beans.
Outlook for Donated Foods: Schools may expect to receive these donated foods this month: Chicken, ground beef, frozen turkey, peanut butter, canned green beans, canned sweet potatoes, canned tomatoes, canned plums and flour. For specific information about donated foods, contact H. D. Hatchett, 688-2390, extension 327, State Department of Education.
GOVERNOR'S CONFERENCE
Education's Future Takes Spotlight
Georgia education - where it has been and where it is going in the next decade - claimed the attention of more than 1,000 educators attending the fourth annual Governor's Conference on Education in Atlanta Oct. 25.
Conferees and speakers directed most of their interest and planning to the years ahead, though the session was the final such conference during Governor Carl Sanders' four-year administration.
Sponsored, as in the past, by the Georgia School Boards Association, the conference featured State Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix and University System Chancellor George Simpson, who outlined the needs of public elementary, secondary and higher education during the next four years.
Superintendent Nix, in "Georgia
ALERT- A Look at Education's Role Tomorrow," asked expansion funds for education because of two explosions: knowledge and population.
Superintendent Nix told the conferees that he will ask the General Assembly in 1967 for legislation to allow establishment of kindergartens as part of the public school system, and also legislation to allow a reduction of the pupil-teacher ratio to 20-to-1 in the first two grades.
R esults of conference small-table discussions, reported during the closing session, continued Mr. Nix's emphasis on the growing need for attention to early childhood education.
Dr. Simpson outlined plans for both "stand-still" operations of the University System and for the addition of more quality to the higher education program.
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM SEEKS LEADERS
Potential leaders in the education field will have a chance to develop their talents under a new program of the Fund for the Advancement of Education, established by the Ford Foundation.
The Leadership Fellows Program, an experimental project, is open to classroom teachers and other public servants in educationally-related positions who show promise of ability to exercise leadership in education in the next quarter century.
Georgia is one of two areas in the country- the other is New England - in which the fellowships are being offered.
According to Miss Dorothy Hassfeld, Georgia Regional Program Representative, "The person we are looking for is someone, preferably under 35, who has demonstrated leadership potential in some way in his local situation. The grant is for one year, but not primarily for degree work."
Candidates may nominate themselves or be nominated by someone else . Application must be made by
Dec. 31, 1966; awards will be made by April, 1967.
Further information may be obtained from Miss Hassfeld at: Leadership Fellows Program/ Room 571 / 805
Peachtree Building I Atlanta, Georgia
30308. Telephone number is 876-3779 .
Best Spellers Named
Emoretta Yang, Briarcliff High School student, and Nancy Crook of Barrow County won first places in the high and elementary school divisions of the annual M. D. Collins Spelling Bee. Winners were announced at the Southeastern Fair.
Other high school division winners were Carol Law of Rabun County and Judy Langford of Gordon, second place tie; Sharon Griffitts, Houston , fourth ; Glenda Meeks, Carroll, fifth . Elementary division winners were Karen Ables of Paulding, second; Bambi Maxwell of Fulton, third; Martin Dale Lyles of Coweta, fourth; Nancy Avans of Clayton, Charles Yeager of Houston and Ellen Yearwood of Pike , fifth place tie.
Page 3
No two children are alike, it is true -and no two school systems in the State of Georgia are alike. But as edu cators plan and work together toward better educational opportunities for the children in the State, their major aim must be to provide as nearly as possible an equal opportunity for educational pursuit-whether it be for Mary Jones in Macon or John Smith in Alma. The high school graduate of a large city system should have no more educational advantages than the graduate of the rural county consolidated school.
How can we equalize educational opportunities over the State? No doubt it will take many years. But there are many ways to approach this-by continuing to increase state salaries for teachers, through standards which measure schools in terms of their facilities, curriculum and qualifications of staff, through equal state services in such areas as bus transportation, free textbooks, school lunch, adequate classrooms, state supported kindergartens , to name a few.
No one can guarantee that John Smith will use what he gains through his public school education to better advantage than Mary Jones, but at least public education can strive to give them an equal beginning.
22 Counties Sharing Twenty-two counties in the state are
Page 4
stnvmg to provide better educational services for students through a sharing plan this year. This pilot project is known as the Shared Services Project and involves the sharing, across county lines, of the educational services of Section 12 personnel under Senate Bill 180. Four areas in the State are experimenting with the plan.
State Superintendent Jack P. Nix asked the General Assembly last January for a supplemental state appropriation amounting to $ 100,000 to conduct the pilot programs.
According to Superintendent Nix, "The overall purpose is to provide increased and additional educational services for students in small school systems in the state. Evaluation of these projects," he says, "is expected to show whether or not this is the best method for providing these ~ervices."
The four projects involve services of Section 12 people such as pupil personnel workers, subject matter specialists, in-service training coordinators, federal program coordinators, library consultants, and the like.
Just how does a Shared Services Project operate? Four or more school systems are included in each project with the superintendents of the several systems serving as the board of control. This board agrees on the services to be shared, selects a project coordinator, develops a budget, develops policies of operation and employs personnel who will be under direct supervision of the project coordinator.
The State Department of Education's Director of District Services in the area involved is acting as the State Board's representative to advise the local board of control.
One system in each area has been designated to receive and disburse funds . Griffin-Spalding is serving the following systems: Butts, Pike, Fayette, Henry, Monroe Counties and Barnesville City Schools. In northeast Georgia, Habersham County is serving as central point for Banks, Rabun, Stephens and White Counties; Dodge County is serving Bleckley, Telfair, Wheeler and Wilcox Counties and Cochran City Schools; and Franklin County is serving Elbert, Hart and
ASHARE Plan
for Georgia shool Children
Madison Counties. More Than $303,000 Involved The state has allocated $25,000 to
each project plus three certified professional personnel under Section 12. Counties involved are supplying additional personnel and will finance the remainder of the project. Budgets _for the four projects range from over $91 ,000 in the Griffin-Spalding area project to $68,000 in the Dodge County area project for a total of more than $303,000.
Some projects are already well underway; others, which got a later start, are still in the hiring stages.
Superintendent G. W. Patrick, Jr., of the Griffin-Spalding System, says: "The requests for services of these people are already greater than can be filled. The specialists, on request from
By Jarrot Lindsey, Jr.
the teachers, are working directly with the teachers and students in the classroom." Project Director Robert Flanders has six specialists in his charge including two specialists in science and one each in the areas of math, language arts , reading, and social studiesart combination. Some 20,000 students are being served in this project area.
Dr. H . S. Shearouse, head of the Department's Administrative Leadership Section under whose guidance the projects are being conducted, has set a December meeting for project and district directors involved.
Pike County's Superintendent Harold T. Daniel reacted this way: "The Shared Services Project across county lines is proving to be a wonderfully worthwhile project. These subject matter specialists are providing Pike Coun-
ty teachers with information and services which they could not otherwise receive. These Shared Services Projects across county lines are probably the best answer to the argument for consolidation of school systems."
Franklin County Superintendent 0. E. Bryant says they were a little late in getting underway. "We are being most careful in selection of personnel, and we are enthusiastic about the possibilities. I can see that real value can come out if this, right down to the individual child. "
His project director, Glenn Harkins, states that the new project is being met with "a great deal of enthusiasm." He has employed consultants in social studies and English and will soon hire personnel in math and science.
Habersham's Project Director H. R. Seay has employed consultants in Federal Programs, science, art and English and will later add, when personnel is available, consultants in library services, guidance and counseling, and business, office management.
The Answer to Small Counties "We are making a great deal of progress," he tells ALERT. "We got off to a late start and have had some difficulty in staffing the project. However, there is already every indication that the Shared Services Project is the answer to small counties in rural Georgia in providing needed educational services." Habersham's project will reach nearly 12,000 students and carries a budget of over $70,000. Already in-service programs have been conducted for 120 teachers from all counties in science and one in foreign language. The $68,000 project in the Dodge County area is meeting with a great deal of favorable reaction, according to Project Director James B. Hussey. "Working on a request basis," he said, "our consultants are booked solid through December. They are working in classrooms with teachers and students, providing in-service training for teachers, and we even have two classes for parents going in the new math." The Dodge area project serves 31 schools, and consultants are on the job in the areas of reading, educational media, social studies, pupil personnel
services, and a combination in mathscience.
Until all the evaluations are in at the end of the year, final judgment on just how successfully a good idea h~s proved out in actual practice must wait. Changes may have to be made as the projects progress both in the man~er of operation and in method of allotti_ng time to various school systems Involved.
But "enthusiasm" seems to be the key word now with those involved in the Shared Services Project. "Great possibilities" is another phrase often heard.
We do know now that more than 65 000 school children in the state will have had opportunity at better education benefitting from services of some of the best trained educators available; that programs will have been strengthened in many areas of the curriculum , and that several school systems will have offered consultative services in many areas of the curriculum for the first time. We do know that the morale of the classroom teacher has been lifted somewhat by knowing that he or she can call on someone to give special assistance and provide new ideas through informal and formal inservice training.
We do know that this is one step toward a more equalized educational opportunity for all the boys and girls in the State.
Shared Services Pilot Areas
Page 5
. on Education
Teachers On the Way-One approach to alleviating the teacher shortage in the future is to fin ance the education of future teachers. Georgia this year is financing college educations of 276 freshmen under its State Future Teacher Scholarship Awards program. These students join 684 others already on scholarships in Georgia's colleges and universities. W. R. Cleere, Coordinator of Teacher Scholarships and Recruitment in the Department, says scholarships range from $300 to $1 ,000 per academic year. Begun in 1960-61 with a $150,000 appropri ation , the program awarded 27 scholarships the first year, has grown to the present 960 scholarships totaling $750,000.
NROTC Offers 1,700 Scholarships
-Again this year the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps is offering 1,700 chances for high school graduates to begin their college educations as midshipmen in the NROTC. Purpose is to train and educate young men for careers as commissioned officers in the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. The program includes payment of all college expenses, $50 monthly subsistence, summer cruises, commission and career opportunities. Deadline for receipt of applications is November 18. Courtesy Week Slated-Governor Carl Sanders has proclaimed Nov. 13-19
Page 6
Governor Carl Sanders tries out th e controls at dedication of th e newest station in G eorgia's edu cational television network. N am ed in the G overnor's honor, it is WCES at W rens, and is th e fi fth of nine stations planned. From left are Harvey J. Aderh old, ETV's Chief E ngineer; Jack P. Nix, State Superin tendent of Schools, and Governor Sanders.
Courtesy Week in Georgia. Schools over the state will observe this annual event, sponsored by National Youth Courtesy Foundation. Merit Semifinalists Named - More than 275 of Georgia's ablest high school seniors are semifinalists in the 1966-67 competition for Merit Scholarships, conducted by National Merit Scholarship Corp. Some 68 Georgia cities are represented in the group of scholars who compete soon for finalist status and ultimately for Merit Scholarships . Winners will be announced May 3, 1967.
Education Adds Up This Week -
American Education Week is being observed in Georgia, as throughout the nation, Nov. 6-12. "Education Adds Up" is theme this year, the 45th anniversary year of the week's observance. Sponsors are National Education Association and American Legion. Fewer Districts, More Pupils - The Southeast has fewer school districts and a larger average enrollment per district than any other section of the country, according to a USOE survey made in fall , 1965. School districts in the Southeast number 1,821, have an average enrollment per district of 5,336. The national study revealed a wide variation in the number of districts, from 1 in Hawaii to more than 2,500 in Nebraska. Georgia has 195.
Atomic Energy On Tour-A demonstration lecture on atomic energy and its uses, sponsored by the Atomic Energy Commission, is being presented in Georgia schools during October, November and December. The traveling program, entitled "This Atomic World," is designed to acquaint students with basic principles of nuclear energy, its sources and role in industry, agriculture and medicine. The program being sho\Vll in Georgia is one of 11 similar units appearing daily at high schools throughout the country.
Rehabilitation Project Underway -
Georgia has received just under $100,000 for fiscal 1.966-67 to finance a statewide comprehensive research project in development of vocational rehabilitation services. A 1965 amendment to the Vocational Rehabilitation Act makes the project possible. Purpose, according to Congress, is to help states develop their vo-rehab services for the next decade. The project, under direction of Assistant State Superintendent of Schools Dr. A. P. Jarrell, calls for cooperation of all agencies interested in rehabilitation of the handicapped, including state agencies, private and non-profit organizations. " It is our first attempt in this direction," said Dr. Jarrell. A four-man professional staff will carry out the research, compile results and write recommendations from the study. First Compact Session Held-Georgia's delegation to the Education Commission of the States (Interstate Compact on Education) held an organization meeting Nov. 7 with State Superintendent Jack P. Nix as host at the Georgia Department of Education. Conferees were the Governor's appointees to the Commission: Leonard Robinson, Chairman of the Fulton County Board of Education; Battle Hall and Quimby Melton, chairmen of legislative committees; Dr. Winfred Godwin of the Southern Regional Education Board; Dr. 0. C. Aderhold, President of the University of Georgia; and Mr. Nix.
89th Congress Boosts Funds for Education
Final days of activity in the 89th Congress produced a flurry of bills and action affecting education. Here is a rundown on what was done and what it means to Georgia:
Elementary and Secondary Education: Total funding of Title I (aid to children of the poor) was increased over last year to .$1 billion, $70 million. However, R. C. Beemon, Georgia coordinator of Title I, has been advised that most systems will probably receive less this year than last. Georgia's share in fiscal 1966 was $3 7 million. The amendments to ESEA bring under the bill three new programs: education for migratory children, education in institutions for delinquent and neglected children, and adult basic education. Congress also changed the formula by which grants under Title I are calculated, but expected increases under the new formula will not be felt until fiscal 1968 since appropriations are made annually. The new formula allots money on the basis of the number of children in the state from families with incomes less than $3,000 (the current figure is $2,000) and it allows use of the national average expenditure per child if the national figure is larger than the state figure.
Title II of ESEA, which provides increased library resources, textbooks and other instructional materials, will be slightly decreased this year, according to Joe Edwards, Title II coordinator. This year's appropriation is $2,171,676. Last year it was $2,174,706.
Title III funds , which finance innovative and exemplary projects in education, will double in Georgia this year. The new allotment, according to Robert N. Shigley, Title III coordinator, is $3.2 million. Last year it was $1.6 million. This is in line with a doubling of funds for the program nationwide.
Georgia's share of Title IV funds, which are used for research in the field of education, is still to be negotiated. The national appropriation is $17 million, $1 million more than last year.
Under Title V, which is used for
projects to strengthen state departments of education, Georgia will receive slightly more than last year, but not as large an increase as was expected. This year's allotment will be approximately $431,000, an increase of about $103,000 over last year. However, Dr. Kenneth W. Tidwell, Assistant Superintendent of Schools who administers Title V, points out "This increase will be taken up largely in increased operating costs. It will not allow for much expansion of Title V projects."
As finally approved, the new ESEA bill permits the U.S. Office of Education to withhold funds because of desegregation violations, but requires a hearing within 60 days and a determination of the case within 30 days after the hearing.
Vocational Education: Georgia receives funds for vocational education under the Vocational Education Act of 1963 , the Smith-Hughes Act, the George-Barden Act and the Manpower Development and Training Act. Com-
bined appropriations under all these programs will amount this year to $6,735,082 for Georgia-a slight increase over last year to finance such vocational programs as manpower, health occupations, work-stuay, technical education, agriculture, home economics, distributive education, business and office education, fisheries occupations, and trade and industrial education.
Library Services and Construction A ct: For public library services this year Georgia w.ill receive approximately $200,000 more than last year, when the appropriation was $527,841. For construction, the amount will be another $200,000 increase over last year's $639,175. Under two new titles, the state will receive three planning grants which do not have to be matched with state funds the first year: $7,075 for inter-library cooperation, $7,075 for library services to specialized state institutions such as prisons, $4,735 for library services to the physically handicapped.
School Business Officials Organize
A "G" is being added to "ASBO"the result to be the Georgia Association of School Business OfficialsGASBO-which will be affiliated with the national and international association (ASBO), and the 10-state southern association (SASBO) .
Some 50 persons throughout the state are already members of ASBO and SASBO and interest has now been generated in getting a state organization underway.
Dr. Kenneth W. Tidwell, Assistant State Superintendent of Schools for Staff Services in the State Department of Education, has been appointed acting president by an organizational group planning the first annual meeting in January. Charles Pruett, in the Department's Data Processing Unit, has been named acting secretarytreasurer.
A set of bylaws, constitution and membership form are being drafted for approval at the first statewide meeting. Tom Valentine, DeKalb County System, is serving as conference chairman; Wilbur Adams, DeKalb County, Robert Moran, Clarke County, and Nathan Hunter, Muscogee County, are serving as the membership committee.
At a recent organizational meeting in the State Office Building, State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix told the group, "I want to encourage you to mqve ahead with full speed. There is a need now more than ever before for competent school administrators. I can see that in the future your organization will be bringing us back ideas for improving state administration."
Additional committee meetings will be held to make final plans for the conference January 25, 26, and 27 at Lake Jackson.
Page 7
Georgia Voters to Consider Four Education Amendments
(continued from page 1)
county li11es, not now permitted under Georgia school law.
The amendment would also allow for the establishment of
the necessary administrative units in the consolidated sys-
tem.
The fourth amendment would allow the General Assem-
bly blanket permission to appropriate state funds to be
used by the Department of Education or any other depart-
ment or agency of state government as matching funds to
obtain federal grants for educational scholarships, loans or
other educational purposes. At present, the state can match
federal funds only in certain areas.
The sixth amendment would, essentially, provide for
complete
local
determ,.ination,
by
referendum
or
special
.
law.
of such matters as whether the school board is elected or appointed, how it fills its vacancies, the election or appointment of the county superintendent and matters pertaining to his office, etc. It would allow local referenda to establish as law board members' and superintendents' duties, powers, compensation, etc. At present, each individual local change requires a statewide referendum and constitutional amendment.
The thirteenth amendment would allow the Department of Education or any other agency of state government to have complete control over administration of any federal funds it receives, especially as regards parochial and private schools, providing the administration is according to terms of the federal grant.
BULK RATE U . S. Postage
PAID
Atlanta, Georgia Permit Number 168
. . Editor . Art Editor
Acquisitions Division
Library University of Georgia University of Georgia
Athens, Ga. 30601
Board Action Fills 300 Teacher Vacancies in State
(continued from page 1)
the Grant-In-Aid program which would establish the eligibility of teachers in area vo-tech schools as applicants for grants-in-aid; approved adoption of a modified area vo-tech school calendar which keeps the number of school days at 260 but rearranges those days to allow 30 school days for remedial programs and time for staff to upgrade themselves and prepare instructional materials; denied a request by Supt. Holstun of Upson County that the Board eliminate use of the National Teacher Exam as a requirement for the sixth-year certificate; approved a recommendation that t:te Macon Film Library be closed June 1, 1967, and that a study be made of the
feasibility of centralizing all film services in one location ; approved a recommendation that all lease agreements or renewals must be presented to the State Board not less than 30 days before the effective dates of the agreements, and that no rental payments may be made within less than 30 days after the date of approval by th.e board; approved budgets for Baldwin, Butts; Carroll, Douglas, Haralson, Irwin, Jackson, Madison, Thomas, Wheeler, Wilkinson and Wilcox counties and conditionally approved budgets for Appling, Bartow, Toombs and Henry counties; authorized the Division of Vocational Education to request approval of a budget amendment to transfer $59,000 from regular vocational grants
to work-study grants to be used in matching federal funds for work-study programs in area vo-tech schools; approved applications from 55 local systems for transmittal of capital outlay allotments to the State School Building Authority; approved reorganization of the Office of Yocation2l Rehabilitation Services to provide for four divisions, each to be directed by a division director, as follows : Division for Schools, Workshops and Facilities; Division for OASI and the Program for the Blind; Division for the Mentally Retarded, Mentally Ill and Public Offenders; Division for the General Program.
Next committee meetings: Nov. 16
Next Board meeting: Nov. 23
I
I
... A Look at Education's Role Today
ON BOARD ...
Bolton Rules Out School Lunch Aid
State funds may not be allotted to local school systems to be used in support of the school lunch program in Georgia, the State Board of Education learned at its December meeting.
Attorney General Arthur Bolton gave the opinion following a request for a ruling by State Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix. The State Department of Education had included in its 1967-69 biennial budget a request for approximately $5 Y2 million school lunch funds to be used for direct cash payments to local systems on the basis of two cents per meal served. The Attorney General's opinion rules out this appropriation, and also a salary supplement for school lunchroom managers which the state has been paying since 1965.
Mr. Nix, on behalf of the state Board, will ask that those funds in the biennial budget which had been allocated for the school lunch program be transferred to Maintenance and Operation and Sick Leave funds.
The State Constitution provides that the power of taxation over the whole state shall be exercised "only" for certain enumerated purposes including "for educational purposes." The Attorney General ruled : "It is my opinion that until such time as a Constitutional Amendment is adopted authorizing it, state funds may not be legally allotted to local school systems to be used in defraying the cost of operation of school lunchrooms."
Three statewide referenda on the question have already been held, and the proposal was defeated each time. However, in the 1960 general election,
(continued on page 7)
Georgia's Title I Share
Estimated at $34 Million
Georgia will receive an estimated $34,128,794 to finance projects this year under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, according to R. C. Beeman, State Department of Education coordinator of Title I.
The funds are earmarked for projects to benefit lowincome, handicapped and foster children. John Hughes, Director of theDivision of Compensatory Education, U.S. Office of Education, has notified state coordinators of Title I of their allocations with the proviso that the sums be considered approximations until determined on the bases of last year's state expenditure reports and data on newly-eligible children. No state, USOE says, will receive less this year than it actually spent for 1966 programs.
Georgia spent almost all its ,$37 and 1/ 3 million allocation to finance 271 projects last year. As of Dec. 15, 1966, the state had approved 182 projects involving $25,999,770 of the new funds.
Most of the new money-$33,983,977-will be used to support projects to benefit children from low-income families; $69,624 will be used under a new program for neglected children and juvenile delinquents in statesupported and operated institutions; $75,193 is earmarked for educating children of migratory workers-also a new program.
Total 1967 appropriation for Title I for the United States is $1,053 ,410,000, an increase of $95 million over last year.
Each state's allocation of Title I funds is determined by multiplying the number of school-age children in the state from families with incomes less than $2,000, by onehalf the state's per pupil expenditure. (In Georgia, this was $327.26 in 1965.) Two provisions of ESEA amendments of 1966 will probably raise allocations for Georgia in 1968. In fiscal 1968, the income ceiling will be increased to $3,000, and states will be allowed to use the national average per pupil expenditure if that figure is higher than the state's figure. ,,
New Title I projects are already operating in Georgia this year in the areas of art, business edUcation and office occupations, cultural enrichment, English language arts,
J, ~
English as a second language, reading, foreign language,
INSIDE
E D U C A T I O N with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
Georgia'f Minimum Foundation Law (Senate Bill 180) for public education is recognized nationally as one of the soundest and best and is envied by many states. Developed over a long period of time after a great deal of study by educators, legislators and lay citizens from all over the State, the law provides for a true local-state partnership in establishing a minimum program of education for ali children in Georgia.
In discussions of the biennial budget for education to be considered by the General Assembly . this January, much has been said about required local effort under the Minimum Foundation Law. Individuals in some of the state's more populous school districts maintain that as the state Minimum Foundation Program increases, their portion of required local effort becomes so great that additional taxes have to be levied to supply the matching funds. This is not necessarily true. It is true that when state participation in Foundation items increases, local effort must also increase. However, the Foundation Law, S.B. 180, if it were followed as written, contains provisions which can offset this effect on local school systems of increases in support of education at the state level.
An equalized tax digest is provided annually by the State Auditor for use in calculating the distribution of required local effort among school systems of the state. But many counties are not using comparable digests to obtain school revenues. Instead, they continue to tax on their own, lower digests, which means that their revenue is smaller than it would be if they used a digest comparable to the state equalized digest. Local communities must face this fact squarely if they hope ever to provide the quality education their children deserve.
The purpose of any good Minimum Foundation Program should be to narrow the gap between the quality of education available to children in the poorest districts of the state and that which can be provided in the wealthier districts. Under Georgia's Foundation Law, the formula for distributing required local effort-the computed uniform tax digest-is the essential equalization factor.
Under the law, the ability of each school system to finance its share of the cost of the Minimum Foundation Program is measured by its percentage of the computed uniform tax digest as developed by the State Auditor. That is, if a county has 1% of the computed uniform tax digest, it is responsible for paying 1% of the total required local effort for the State of Georgia (required local effort is 17 % of the costs of foundation program items this year, and will increase one percentage point each year until it reaches 20%).
The problem pointed to by some individuals in urban
Page 2
areas is that their share of this 17 % is much greater than it should be because most of the state's wealth is naturally concentrated in urban areas. They maintain that they are supporting the educational program statewide, or at least are paying the major portion of the cost of local effort.
That is true. Larger systems do pay the larger share. It is also true that they are more able to pay, and that they have the largest numbers of pupils to be educated.
It is also a fact that in some urban areas, property is being assessed at 30 per cent of value, according to the statewide tax digest. These same systems maintain they are already taxing at the maximum 20 mill limit for education. But if, instead of assessing property at 30% of value, the assessments were raised to 50 %, or some higher figure, these systems could reduce the millage and still come up with the same amount of money they are now receiving from the lower assessment. So the inequities are not confined to smaller systems. In some instances even the wealthier, larger urban areas are not taxing property at true value.
The biennial budget contains provisions which would help to alleviate these pressures if it is passed by the General Assembly in January. As you know, there are 10 items in this budget which require local matching funds under the Minimum Foundation Law. The state proposes to increase its support of these items, thus releasing local funds for use as Foundation matching funds.
Let me give an example : we propose increasing the state's grants for maintenance and operation and sick leave from $620 per state allotted teacher to $850-possibly more if we are able to add to M &0 those funds now reflected in the biennial budget for school lunch operations. It would not be unreasonable to expect the final figure for M &0 and Sick Leave to be $1,050 (instead of $850), a much more realistic state participation in this Foundation item.
As we increase this state grant, local funds now being consumed in M & 0 and Sick Leave will be relieved to be reapplied to other Foundation items which require local effort.
Such increased state support of Foundation items is one answer to the financial problems of both large and small systems. We are seeking other solutions.
The State Board and the Department of Education know the problems you face in carrying on the educational process, and especially in obtaining funds for local support. At the same time, we cannot ignore our mandate under the law to provide an equal, minimum quality education for every Georgia child, no matter where he lives.
Annual Pacemaker Search Underway By NEA, Parade
Do you know of a school or school system which is making significant educational gains; whose educational approach reflects the changing times; whose program exhibits outstanding local initiative, creativity and innova-
tion?
The National Education Association and Parade Magazine have begun their annual search for Pacemaker Schools which fill the above description. Nominations are being sought from state education associations, state departments of education, NEA departments, commissions and councils, education writers and broadcasters. Each of these groups has been supplied with nomination forms , which are to be returned to the GEA or the State Department of Education. These two agencies will in turn submit nominations to NEA for judging. Deadline for final submission by the state to the national awards committee is Feb. 1, 1967. Nomination forms are available from the State Department of Education, Publications and Information Service, Room 244A, State Office Building, Atlanta, Ga. 30334.
KUDOS FOR ALERT ...
"Promises to be a fine publication"-Miss Carroll Hart, Director, Archives and History, State of Georgia.
"/ want to commend you not only on the content, but also on the general layout and design ... a very attractive package indeed .. . (Choice of) Title indicates you are part of an active, wide-awake department of public instruction . . . " - Dr. Richard Gray, National Director, Project Public Information.
"You have done an outstanding job, and one that needed doing .. . excellent piece of work ... " -D. H. Knight, Assistant Superintendent, Chatham County School System.
"You have put together something you can be proud of ... " - Howard Jay Friedman, Director, Public Information and Publications, Florida Department of Education.
"Attractive, readable ... Will make a significant contribution to more effective communications between the Department .. . and the teachers . .. " -Milton L. Hoffman, Area Coordinator, Mountain-Plains states, Project Public Information.
"Excellent new publication . . . Georgia's progress in education and statements of its needs can well be
served by this publication Glenn M. Hogan, Executive Director, Georgia Hospital Association.
" Well-planned and printed .. . provides interesting and useful information about your department's complex operations .. . attractive and useful to concerned taxpayers . . . " - Donald L. Moore, publicity, public relations professional.
"A handsome and informative publication ... " - Herman E. Talmadge, U.S. Senator from Georgia.
"Big step forward in improved communications .. : " - George W. Mulling, State Director, Vocational Education .
"Good job." - Victor H. Wohlford, Director, Professional and Public Relations , Arkansas State Department of Education.
"Definitely a quality publication .. . reflects the type information that will be of interest to both laymen and professional educators . . . " - Carroll Lance, Project Public Information, Southeastern States Coordinator.
"Most informative, well-organized, and easy-to-read ... Our congratulations to you on this fine effort . .. " Earl Griffin, Director, Personnel Services, Georgia Department of Education.
LUNCH LINES: Georgia Third In School Lunch Participation
Georgia ranks third in the nation in the percentage of pupils receiving Type "A" lunches, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture statistics for 196566 . Only Louisiana and Hawaii have higher percentages of participation.
During 1965-66, Georgia lunchrooms served 122 million lunches that met l / 3 of a child's daily food needs. Lunches are available to pupils in more than 1,900 schools in Georgia.
***
The school lunch program will salute
the peanut industry Jan. 29-Feb. 3. A special bulletin is forthcoming.
***
Secretary of Agriculture Orville L. Freeman has announced that steppedup purchases of farm products in recent weeks by the U.S. Department of Agriculture now assure the nation's schools of substantially increased supplies of donated foods for lunch programs the rest of this school year.
"Since many schools frequently run into the 'Vorst financial difficulties in their lunch operatio~s in the late win-
ter and spring, these increased supplies of donated foods should be of maximum timely help," he said.
According to H. D . Hatchett, Chief of Food Distribution for the State Department of Education, schools may expect the following donated foods during January and February : frozen beef roast, chicken and ground beef, canned beef, print butter, processed cheese, canned grapefruit sections, applesauce, fresh pears, dry beans, shortening, rice, flour, corn meal and rolled wheat.
Page 3
In Clayton County, 180 three-tofive-year-olds are attending pre-primary classes in which the teacher-pupil ratio is 6-to-1 ...
In Savannah, sixth and tenth graders are discovering the wonders of nature in all its form's , through a planetarium and exhibits of marine biology and aquatic life .. .
In Douglas, 150 of the area's brightest young minds have been challenged to greater heights through an eightweeks summer honors program . . .
These three projects are among 17 now in operation or in planning stages in Georgia under Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Altogether, they represent some of the most imaginative thought in the history of Georgia education.
Title III projects - called PACE (Projects to Advance Creativity in Education) -focus on ingenuity and broad community development and are highly diverse.
Dr. H. Titus Singletary, Jr., Associate State Superintendent for Instructional Services, says: "As important as each title is, a long-range view of the Elementary and Sewndary Education Act leads me to believe that Title III has the greatest potential for making a significant contribution to education. I am convinced of this because the real purpose of this Title is to reduce the lag between the time research shows the value of a new idea, and the time such a proven idea is in general practice in the schools of the state and nation."
"Title III has given us the greatest opportunity we've ever had to try new
ideas in education," said State Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix. "In the past we have had to spend most of our time, effort and money on the basics, while enrichment waited for what was left after the necessities were met. Now, there is almost no limit to the scope of ideas being accepted; the only requisite is that the plan have educational value. In fact, the more innovative a project is, the better chance it has of being approved. I am very pleased with the way Georgia is taking advantage of Title III."
Variety of Projects Georgia has 10 operational projects, and seven in the planning stages. Robert Shigley, Jr., Director of Programs for Educational Improvement (Title III), estimates that 235,000 Georgians will eventually be affected by Title III. In Jonesboro, the Clayton County Board of Education has set aside the new Suder School as a demons_tration school and training center in early stimulation in education. The project, "Demonstration of Innovative Practices for Improving Instruction," is a cooperative effort of Clayton County Schools, the University of Georgia Research and Development Center in Educational Stimulation, and the University's College of Education. Arthur L. Cox, Curriculum and Training Coordinator for Clayton County Schools, says that most of the Title III money is being used for personnel and services. In the Suder School pre-primary program, 180 children, a cross-section .of the area's 3, 4, and 5-year-olds, are attending classes for 21/z hours each day. They receive instruction from five
teams of three teachers each-a master teacher who is specially trained, an assistant teacher and an aide. The pupilteacher ratio is 1-to-6.
"Eventually all classes at Suder will be on a 'Continuous Progress Basis.' Students will move from level to level, from subject to subject, ungraded and completely free to progress as rapidly or slowly as they .are able," said Mr. Cox.
Another facet of the Clayton County Title III project is continuous in-service training for all teachers. The system has trained 10 "floating" teachers who will relieve 10 other teachers for one week's in-service training. Ultimately, each of the system's elementary teachers will be relieved for one week of training every two years.
"We think this will make a real difference in the quality of education our children are getting," said Mr. Cox. "With the teacher shortage, we are forced to certify teachers who are not specially trained in elementary education. The fact that we have this chance to train them for one uninterrupted week will make a big difference."
In DeKalb County, Title III funds are supporting operation of a project Superintendent Nix calls "tremendously impressive-the finest science center in the South.''
The DeKalb Board of Education has leased 50 acres of primeval Fernbank Forest, and with Title III funds has laid nature trails through the area. Trees and plants are labeled, and students may wander through studying nature in its primeval state. The trails are complete, and classes are being
Page4
Architect's drawing of Fernbank Science Center in DeKalb County.
PAC
ADVENT IN EDUCATI
By Anne S. Raymond
conducted at all grade Ienis, including adult. Title III funds paid for the trails and are now financing salaries of a forester, an assistant and four instructors. But DeKalb's PACE project does not stop with Fernbank Forest. Sometime during the summer, according to Dr. Lewis Shelton, Director, a Science Center will be opened, offering the services of the second largest telescope in the East, the third largest planetarium in the .United States, an exhibit hall containing dioramas in the natural and space sciences, research laboratories equipped with an electron microscope, a 5,000-square-foot greenhouse with an aquatic pond, and a 15,000 volume science reference library. The Fernbank Science Center is a joint effort of Title III, the DeKalb County Board of Education and NDEA. Since the forest trails were opened in the fall, 12,000 children from DeKalb and surrounding areas have had classes there. When the center is finished, similar classes will be held in other areas of science with curriculum geared to each grade level. The center will be opened after school hours to anyone-child or adult-who wants to come.
Savannah Youth Museum Youngsters in Savannah, thanks to Title III, may watch a diorama illus~ trating soil erosion while a botanist on the staff of the Youth Museum goes into area swamps to capture marine and plant life for additional museum exhibits. The Savannah Youth Mu-
seum, begun by a group of interested citizens, was adopted as a Title III project by the Chatham County Board of Education. Frederick Schlein is project director. "We've had nothing but high praise since we opened the museum last fall," his aide said. "The things we've accomplished would not have been possible without Title III."
What the museum has accomplished is to open the world of science to children of the area in a way they have never known before. The museum has a planetarium, exhibits in marine biology and aquatic life, the soil erosion diorama and a salt water aquarium. The staff includes specialists in astronomy, marine biology and botany. Classes are held for sixth and tenth graders during school hours, and the museum is open in the afternoons to children of all ages and adults. A Jeepmobile purchased with Title III funds will enable the staff botanist to conduct swamp expeditions in search of regional exhibit material.
Linguistics, the study of human speech including the units, nature, structure and modification of a language, is extremely new in the public school curriculum. So new, in fact, that Miss Juanita Abernathy, Language Arts Consultant with the State Department of Education, thinks Rome City Schools' Title III project in linguistics is probably the only one of its kind in the U.S. "At this point, the beginning of our project, we are concentrating on training our teachers in linguistics,"
said Ronald Midkiff, Director of the Title III project, "A Linguistic Research and Demonstration Center." Toward this end, Title III funds are being used to pay substitutes to relieve regular teachers for linguistics training.
"We hope through this program," explained Mr. Midkiff, "to produce a student who understands the nature of language, not just how to construct a sentence. For example, in the past we have taught things that are not really true, such as, 'Don't say ain't. There is no such word.' Of course, there is such a word; it is used at a particular level of society and at certain times. These are the things we want students to understand: that there are social and regional characteristics of language; that there is no stigma attached to the person who uses a dialect. We want to broaden the student's appreciation and understanding of language-sort of a humanistic approach."
Atlanta Teacher Project Atlanta decided to make its approach through the teacher when planners for the Board of Education were developing that system's Title III project. Dr. Lucille Jordan, Director of the Learning Resources Center for Improving Teacher Training, explained, "We thought we ought to start with the teacher since she is the most crucial element in the educational process. The Atlanta project has three areas of concentration: an internship program for beginning teachers, a con-
(continued on page 8)
Page 5
Georgia has 59 finalists in the third National Achievement Scholarship Program for outstanding Negro students. They will compete with 1,091 other students from all over the United States for 250 four-year scholarships from the National Merit Scholarship Corp. Georgia's number of finalists was eighth among 40 states and the District of Columbia. Winners will be announced in March.
Jay Fahn, senior at Briarcliff High School in DeKalb County, and Mary Kathryn Zachary, senior at Miller High School in Macon, are Georgia's winners in the U. S. Senate Youth Program. They left January 22 to join students from other states for a six-day trip to Washington, D. C. The students will visit with their Senators, the President, the Vice President and other government officials. Georgia's winners are sponsored by State Superintendent Jack P. Nix and Senators Richard Russell and Herman Talmadge.
The National Teachers Corps, funded by Congress as a planning and implementation grant through June 30, 1966, did not receive Congressional action for an extension of the grant. Teachers in 15 states had begun work toward master's degrees and teaching certificates under the earlier appropriation, but since the program was not funded for continuation they will be encouraged to find other positions.
Department of Education professional staff who have been attending sessions of the Executive Development Seminar at the University of Georgia received certificates during final classes Dec. 15-17. Nineteen of the 28 who originally started were graduated.
. on Education
Georgia has let bids for construction of a $1.2 million vocational school at Alto prison. Federal monies to finance the school will amount to $900,000, and the remaining $300,000 will be transferred from the state's prison rehabilitation fund to the Vocational R ehabilitation Division of the Department of Education, according to Governor Sanders. Pardue Construction Company of Commerce was awarded the contract.
Georgia voters in the November election approved four amendments to the State Constitution which had been endorsed by the Department of Education. One of these makes it possible for school systems that wish to do so, to consolidate across county lines or to merge city with county systems if voters in each area involved approve the consolidation in separate voting. Another amendment gives the General Assembly blanket permission to appropriate state funds to be used by the Department of Education or any other agency of state government as matching funds to obtain federal grants for educational purposes. A third amendment provides for complete local determination , by referendum or special law, of such matters as whether the school board is elected or appointed, etc. The fourth amendment allows the Education Department or any other agency of state government to have complete control over administration of any federal funds it receives providing the administration is in accordance with terms of the federal grant.
Georgia's nominee for LOOK Magazine Teacher of the Year was the
State's STAR Teacher of 1966, Mrs. Sara Reese Prescott, teacher of biology at Briarcliff High School in Atlanta.
Sixth link in the Georgia ETV network, WABW-TV at Pelham, began programming Jan. 2. The new Channel 14 is named for Robert B. Wright, Jr. of Moultrie, second district representative on the State Board of Education.
The Southeastern Association of Colleges and Schools has awarded accredited status to 29 new secondary schools and 127 new elementary schools in Georgia. The action brings the total of Southern Association accredited schools in the state to 392 high schools and 268 elementary schools. The accredited elementary schools have a total enrollment of 142,640. Eighteen systems have all their elementary schools accredited; three have a portion accredited. Two schools lost accredited status: Twiggs County High in Jeffersonville and Meriwether High in Woodbury.
Dr. John E. Harmon, Executive Vice President of the National Employment Association, spoke to superintendents and other educators at "Operation Bootstrap" in December.
White County is first county in the Ninth District to become accredited, systemwide, by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
State Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix was among speakers Jan. 31 when the Public Affairs Department of the Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs staged "A Happening on Capitol Hill" in the State Health Department conference rooms.
Title I Projects... (continued from page 1)
home economics, industrial arts, kindergartens, mathematics, music, physical education/recreation, pre-kindergarten, science, social studies/ social science, general elementary and secondary education, speech therapy, special education for the handicapped, summer school, work study, reduction of class size/ additional teaching staff, teacher aides and other sub-professional help, food services
Page 6
(breakfast, lunch and other), clothing services, waiver of fees for books, supplies and other materials, health, psychiatric, psychological, school social work, attendance and guidance and counseling services, library services, curriculum materials center service, tutoring and after-school study center services, transportation services, services and instruction for parents, in-service training.
ON BOARD ...
(continued from page 1)
an amendment was approved by the electorate empowering the General Assembly to authorize any county to use public funds for this purpose.
***
In other action the Board: accepted the resignation of Fourth District representative Donald Payton, who will become director of the Higher Education Assistance Corp.; recognized the appointment of Scott Candler, Jr. of Decatur to fill Payton's unexpired term; presented Governor Carl Sanders with a set of "Great Books of the Western World" in recognition of his contributions to education in Georgia during the past four years; passed and presented to the Governor a resolution naming a new girls' dormitory at Cave Spring School for the Deaf "Carl E. Sanders Hall"; unanimously re-elected James S. Peters of Manchester as chairman and Robert B. Wright of Moultrie as vice chairman of the State Board for one-year terms; in the case of Stevens vs. Laurens County Board of Education, denied an appeal by Sandra E . Stevens, married student who was seeking to attend classes in the Laurens County School System; in the case of Citizens of Haralson County vs. the Haralson County Board of Education, denied the appeal of citizens seeking to have declared null and void an action of the Board of Aug. 4, 1966, in which the Board purchased a piece of land to be used as site for a high school; amended state policies for G.E.D. tests to open eligibility to any two-year resident of the state authorized Chairman Peters and Superintendent Nix to accept the low bid and award a contract for construction of the vocational school at Alto Prison providing the low bid is within the amount of money available for the project; approved quarterly budgets for the third quarter as recommended by staff of the Department of Education; approved a request by Houston County Board of Education that Warner Robins High School building be constructed on a reimbursable basis under provisions of the State School
Members of the State Board of Education present Gov. Sanders with a resolution naming a new girls' dormJtory at Cave Spring Sch~ml for the Deaf "Carl E . Sanders Hall." From left are Board Chmrman James S. Peters, Vzce Chairman Robert B. Wright, Mrs. Ralph Hobbs, Donald Payton, H.enry Stewart, Cliff Kimsey , Jr., Lonnie E. Sweat, and Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nzx. The Board also gave Gov . Sanders a set of "Great Books" in appreciation for his contributions to education in Georgia. Said Sanders in accepting: "It has been a real challenge and a pleasure putting into force in this state an education program of which we
can all be proud. Go_vernors come and go , but I am confident that our bond of friendship will grow even stronger m the future. If you ever need me, just whistle, and I will stand shoulder to shoulder with you in the cause of education."
Building Authority Form 244; approved changes in SSBA budgets for Habersham and Fayette Counties; conditionally approved Union County Board of Education's request for a grant of capital outlay funds for consolidation; approved local system budgets for Appling, Burke, Decatur, Habersham, Long, Monroe, Pike, Rabun and Stephens Counties; withheld approval of Charlton County Schools' budget and advised Clarke County Board of Education that its budget could not be approved until certain conditions are met; advised all school systems that sick leave funds must be used for the sick leave program only; approved several transfers of title of property to the SSBA to provide sites for the construction of buildings by the
Scott Candler, Jr ., of Decatur, left, new member of the State Board of Education from the Fourth District, is congratulated by Gov. Carl Sanders following his swearing-in.
Authority for the State Board of Education; approved plans and specifications for educational television stations at Cochran, Dawson and Pelham and for an Educational Television Production Center in Atlanta; authorized continued affiliation with the National Educational Television Network; approved applications from certain local school systems for use of capital outlay funds to be capitalized by the State School Building Authority; instructed the State Superintendent and Department staff to notify all school systems that, beginning in January 1967, all payments of state funds will be withheld until reports required by state law and State Board policy have been filed with the Department; reapproved teacher education programs at Emory and Agnes Scott for a five-year period; approved the revised edition of "Curriculum Framework for Georgia Schools"; reaffirmed its earlier policy which requires 180 days of regular classroom instruction; appointed the following Board committees: Finance -Mr. Wright (chairman), Roy A. Hendricks, Henry Stewart, David Rice, Dr. Peters; Instruction-Cliff Kimsey (chairman), William E . Preston, Mrs . Ralph Hobbs, Lonnie E. Sweat, Mr. Candler; Appeals-Mr. Stewart (chairman) , Mr. Preston, Mr. Rice.
Next Board Meeting: Feb. 15.
Page 7
PACE: Adventure in Education (continued Jrom puge 5)
,. ' tinuing education program for the in- are receiving 10 hours of graduate
terns, and liaison between the system's credit toward a master's degree from
instructional staff and community edu- the University of Georgia for their par-
cational and cultural resources. This ticipation in the project. They will be
year, 30 beginning teachers are divided encouraged to continue their study for
into five teams. Each teacher is as- a master's degree .
signed to a classroom, and each team
Atlanta's educational and cultural
has a "lead" or master teacher not as- resources outside the classroom are
signed to a classroom. The lead teacher very broad. Realizing this, Title III
has a peer relationship with her team planners included the liaison phase in
-planning, answering questions, even the system's project. Services range
teaching with team members. "They from sponsorship of Tiny Tots Con-
are encouraged to try their wings at certs to inviting Atlanta teachers to
anything new," Dr. Jordan says.
attend Theatre Atlanta and Academy
These interns, or beginning teachers, Theatre dress rehearsal performances
at no charge; from arts and crafts demonstrations for teachers by Atlanta professionals in the arts to marionette and puppet performances and children's drama performances by Academy Theatre; to drama, journalism, graphic arts and creative writing consultations between teachers and professionals in the fields . All of these activities are included in addition to field trips designed to supplement the curriculum in a really effective way. For example, a class of tenth graders at O'Keefe High School, studying religion in the Middle Ages, spent a day at the
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Acauisition university
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Trappist Monastery at Conyers. A direct and traceable result has been that one student, 20 years old, a "nonreader," was the most interested member of the group. He has since been to see the motion picture "The Bible" twice, and has interested other members of the class in seeing the movie.
The enthusiasm over Title III is as boundless as the projects it enables. Says Mr. Shigley: "Title III is providing creative educators at the local and regional levels with a 'hunting license' to search out new ideas and solutions to educational problems, and a real opportunity for adventure in education. It is developing new dimensions which are already proving forces for desirable change in local communities. "
These then, are some of the tangible results Georgia is realizing from Title
III funds. This year the state has been allotted $3.2 million of the total $145 million U.S. appropriation.
Besides the projects described, Georgia has five others in operation and seven in the planning stages. Fulton County has recently received its operational grant for a project entitled, "Professional Innovation Through Leadership." The Glynn County Board of Education is planning an "Intense Learning Center," and the Marion County Board of Education is working on "Learning Resource Centers for the Third Congressional District." Habersham County will have the "Ninth Congressional District Educational Service Center," and Muscogee has "Project Fine Arts and Archaeology." The Coffee County Board of Education last summer held an honors
program for 150 students from the Eighth Congressional District, and it is being planned again this summer. Dodge County has a "Cultural Enrichment Project" planned; Washington County is developing a "Pilot Reading Program." Oconee County is conducting a "Demonstration Program of Teacher-Pupil Interactions in Rural Schools"; Cobb County will have a "Pupil Personnel Center."
All over Georgia, the excitement over Title III projects is spreading. Those who are touched by the programs-student, teacher, administrator -are consistently enthusiastic. The consensus seems to be summed up in the words of a Savannah project assistant:
"There's never been anything like it!"
... A Look at Education's Role Today
ON BOARD ...
'Keep MFPE As Is/ Resolution Urges
The State Board of Education has reaffirmed its belief in the soundness of the Minimum Foundation Program of Education Law with a resolution "strongly recommending that the MFPE be implemented as written; that the Governor and the General Assembly be urged not to alter or amend the law."
The action taken at the January meeting was prompted by growing debate among educators and members of the General Assembly on the question of freezing at the present level (17 % ) the percentage of required local effort under the MFPE Law.
In other action the State Board: Authorized execution of contracts with the State School Building Authority (Series 1967 Bond Issue) ; approved school building applications (Series 1967A Bond Issue); passed a resolution commending Donald W. Payton for his services on the Board; heard L. G. Lyell and a group of Temple citizens request postponement for five years the proposed closing of Temple High School; amended the Georgia Plan for use of Library Construction Funds to allow approval of grants up to $250,000 (instead of $125,000) ; changed the name of the Department's Audit and Review Section to Financial Review Section; heard a report on existing teacher vacancies listing 473 vacancies as of Jan. 17, 1967. At its February meeting the Board: Approved activation of five additional "area vocational high schools" during the 1967- 68 school year: Stephens County High in Toccoa,
(continued on page 8)
They Said It Couldn't Be Done
But th ey did it in Ath ens . . . (see page 4)
Half of Georgia's 5-Year-Olds in School
Georgia does not maintain kindergartens as part of its free public education system, yet more than half the state's five-year-olds will enter the first grade next September with some pre-school training behind them.
A Department of Education survey of kindergarten and Headstart programs in the state reveals that of 87 ,516 five-year-olds in Georgia, 44,504 are enrolled in pre-school programs. Of these, about 21%, or 18,733, are in free public kindergartens operated and supported by local school systems.
"It is evident from this survey that Georgia parents and school administrators share my belief that kindergarten and pre-school education are an essential part of every individual's learning experience," says Jack P . Nix, State Superintendent of Schools. "Early childhood education is receiving emphasis.in every progressive plan for education being made in this country, and Georgia children, too , should have the advantages of free public kindergarten. We must be allowed to include this program in our educational plans for the immediate future."
John W. Parker, Elementary Education Consultant for
(continued on page 8)
INSIDE
E D U C A T I O N with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
Members of the Department of Education staff assisted me last month when we had the oppor~unity to present to the House and Senate Appropriations Committees a detailed analysis of the needs of public school education in Georgia.
We had a courteous hearing; the legislators seemed receptive and interested in doing everything possible to continue the state's present high level of support for education. It is difficult, at the present time, to predict just what form the final education appropriation will take.
Our request, we feel, is a conservative estimate of what it will take to finance quality education in Georgia for the next two years. It is $40 million more than the budget proposed by Governor Lester Maddox. But it is not extravagant. The major differences in the Maddox budget ( $686 million) and the Department of Education's proposal ($726 million) are two:
( l ) teacher salary increases would be higher under the schedule we have suggested ; and
( 2) funds for maintenance and operation and sick leave would rise to $850 per state-allotted teacher the first year of the biennium, instead of to $750 the first year and $850 the second year as the Governor proposes.
Every dollar we requested is needed to finance some vital part of Georgia's educational program. We do not claim that our proposal contains all the answers to the problems of education. Maybe
the Utopian day will arrive when educators can say to legislators:
"If you will appropriate X number of dollars in this session, then we shall produce for you X number of educated, cultured, thinking, vocationally or professionally-trained, well-rounded, civilized American citizens."
But until that day arrives, we will spend wisely and well whatever appropriation education receives. And we will be grateful that we have a legislature which realizes that education is the first responsibility of government, that it is unquestionably right that Georgia spend more of its revenue for education than for any other program.
We encourage all of you, as members of the education profession, to express your thanks to the Legislature for their conscientious attention to the needs of education, and for whatever sum is allotted to meet those needs. Even though the final amount may not be as much as we had hoped, there is still the possibility of a supplemental appropriation in the future. More money for education is everybody's concern. We must put forth additional effort, use our influence to make education NUMBER ONE in the minds of all Georgians.
We at the State Department of Education pledge to you our continuing best efforts to provide quality education for every Georgia child . .. with w~atever budget the General Assembly approves.
OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL ...
"In the absence of an express intent on the part of the legislature to the contrary, or, in the absence of an agreement to the contrary on the part of the interested parties, the annexation of property containing buildings and school facilities of a county school system by a municipality having an independent school system results in a transfer of the ownership and control of such buildings and facil ities to the municipal school system.
"It would be possible for such school buildings and facilities to continue to be operated and/ or owned by the county school system either where the legislature so provides in the annexation legislation, or, where the interested
parties (i.e, the county and municipal school systems) so agree.
"A county and municipal school system may provide by contract for the continued operation of such school by and for the county school system."
*****
".. . Under the existing laws of this State the State Board of Education would not be authorized to enter into a contract with private educational institutions for the Vocational training therein of those individuals selected for the same under the Manpower and Training Development Act of 1962 as amended ."
Page 2
Department to Consolidate Offices in Education Annex Building
School officials and interested laymen seeking help from educators at the state level will soon have their task made easier from a physical point of view, at least.
The first of a series of office consolidation moves by units of the Department of Education is ~cheduled about March 15. Offices which are now scattered over downtown Atlanta in 19 locations will be among the units to move into a renovated building (to be called the Department of Education Annex) at Trinity and Pryor Streets. In June, when the moving is complete, most units of the Department will be in two locations-the Annex or the State Office Building. Some units, such as Educational Television and several Vocational Rehabilitation offices, will remain in their present locations.
Leslie E . Trotter, School Plant Services Architect, said current plans are for completion of the third floor of the renovated building sometime between March 15 and April 1. First units to move will be Pupil Personnel Services, Exceptional Children Serv-
New Film Features
Driver Education
A thirty-minute documentary on driver education, "A Time to Live," has been produced and sponsored by Cotton States Insurance Co. and the WAil-TV Community Affairs Department. The 16mm color film was shown on Channel 11 in Atlanta and in Albany, Augusta, Columbus, Macon, Savannah and Tallahassee-Thomasville during December. It is now available for loan from WAil-TV.
Title I Is Topic
The Georgia Council of Mathematics, an affiliate of Georgia Teachers and Education Association, held its annual meeting Feb. 17-18 at Camp John Hope, Ft. Valley. The program emphasized Title I of ESEA, highlighting problems of the elementary and secondary schools in mathematics.
New Education Annex will house many offices of State Department of Education .
ices, Research Services, Secretarial Services, several sections of the Vocational Education Division, School Library Services and the Regional Curriculum Project.
Scheduled for later moves are Public Library Services, State and Federal Relations, Federal Programs, Titles I and II of ESEA, School Lunch Services, the Division of Curriculum, Civil Defense, Adult Education, Food Distribution Services, School Audit and Review and School Plant Services. The Annex will house 246 Department of Education staff members.
HEADLINERS
Gov. Hulett C. Smith of West Virginia has succeeded former Gov. Carl Sanders as Chairman of the Southern Regional Education Board. . . . Dr. Paul A. Miller, President of West Virginia University, has been named by President Johnson for the position of Assistant Secretary for Education in the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.... Miss Virginia Drewry of the Public Library Unit taught a session on problems in teaching the Dewey Decimal Classification for use in children's collections and school libraries during a workshop on the Dewey Decimal System at the School of Library Service, Columbia University.... Raymond Ginn, Jr., has been promoted to Education Program Coordinator. . . . Miss Mary Ellen Perkins has been promoted to Education Program Executive. . . . Ernest Jackson Claxton has been named Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor I. . . . James Levi Hise and Nathan B. Nolan have been named Vocational Rehabilitation Division Directors. . . . Robert M. Shearer has been named Social Worker III. .. . Joseph Donald Doldan is new Director of Systems and Data Processing. . . . Jack Williams is new Coordinator of the Statewide Vocational Rehabilitation Research and Planning Project. . . . Henry Donald Robinson has been named Accountant IV.... Thomas Z. Tatum has been named Vocational Rehabilitation Su-
pervisor I. . . . Ray F. Greeson has been promoted to Education Program Coordinator in charge of Distributive Education.. .. John H. Lloyd, Jr., has been appointed Education Program Coordinator in charge of Technical Education.... Edwin F. Womack has been promoted to Education Program Coordinator in charge of Trade and Industrial Education. . . . Gerald M. Brown, Jt., has been promoted to Vocational Rehabilitation Supervisor I.
Startling Idea But Successful !
Wall-to-wall carpeting is expected in new school construction. But in Dalton, center of the U.S. Carpet industry, tufted pile floor coverings have been used to dress up a school that has been in use for more than half a century. Fort Hill Elementary now has carpeting from the front steps to the last classroom on the second floor-and teachers and students are highly pleased. Renovation plans originally called for new sub-floors and tile, but the Board of Education found that carpeting would cost no more. Bill Britton, Maintenance Consultant, Department of Education Office of School Plant Services, calls it, "One of the most remarkable examples of old school plant renovation" he has ever seen.
Page 3
.
Gold carpeting, pastel walls create cheerful entrance ...
Spacious classrooms are carpeted, flexible .. .
The.re's room for individual instruction , too . ..
Page 4
Build a school in less than four months? Preposterous! When Clarke County school officials began a campaign to replace by fall opening date the Childs Street Elementary School which burned last February, that's what everybody said. Well, almost everybody! Except the architects who designed the new Atlanta Stadium, Heery and Heery of Atlanta. Approached last spring by the Clarke Board, this company knew it was possible to supply the desperately needed classrooms. The firm had just finished a rush job for Lockheed Aircraft in Marietta, using a group of standard building components developed in California by School Construction Systems Development. Armed with a $1.3 million bond issue which had been quickly approved by Clarke County voters in a special election, the architects started a crash program to provide two schools for the 1966 school term. Preliminary drawings and specifications were completed in 15 days and working drawings in 39 days, jobs that would normally have taken six months. Construction was begun on April 25 by Baugh and Coody, Inc., of Albany and was completed in less than four months. How was such a feat possible? The rapid construction technique was developed by Educational Faci lities Laboratories, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Ford Foundation. First research was carried out in 1964 in a project at Stanford University. The aim of School Construction Systems Development (SCSD) was to develop a group of standard building components which would satisfy three objectives: build better schools; build them more economically; build them more rapidly. The original project involved 13 California school districts, 10 architectural firms and 22 separate building projects. The two schools in Clarke County, Fowler Drive School and Barnett Shoals Road School, are the only two uses of SCSD components for school construction in the Southeast. "They are not pre-fab," emphasized Assistant Clarke County School Superintendent Alton Ellis as he described the system under which the buildings were constructed. Flexibility is the distinguishing characteristic of the process. Except for the plane of the floor slab and the ceiling, everything is relocatable, not only the partitions, but also heating and cooling ducts and lighting fixtures. George T. Heery, a partner in the architectural firm which designed the Athens buildings, said, "The component system allows a school board or an industry to virtually buy a building off the shelf to meet a project deadline. On the other hand ," he said, "it is far enough along in its development to be a proved
architectural and engineering system of quality school construction, featuring rapid assembly and early occupancy."
Outstanding features of the two new schools are their carpeting and acoustical ceilings. Teachers at the school say the carpeting greatly reduces fatigue , and the rooms are so nearly soundproof that even during a noisy indoor recess period voices from the activity room do not disturb open classrooms in the same satellite area. Classrooms have no doors; they are clustered in groups of six around an open area which can be used for group activity such as music or instructional television.
"Of course we readily admit that splendid buildings do not necessarily make splendid schools," said Dr. Helen ~estbrook, principal of Barnett Shoals Elementary School. But the quietness, the freedom, the ease of maintenance and colorful, attractive surroundings certainly create an environment conducive to effective teaching and learning. As one teacher put it, "What child could be unhappy here?'' Teacher morale was high, too, in the school ALERT visited. One reason may have been the attractive and private teachers' lounge and workroom for special projects which are included in the school's plan.
Total cost of the schools, completely equipped and ready for classes which began Sept. 6, was $15.89 per square foot. This figure includes air conditioning, carpeting, site work and basic facilities for expansion to twice the number of classrooms now in use. There are 16 teaching stations in each of the two schools, including speech therapy, music room, library, multipurpose room and regular classrooms.
How does the $15.89 square foot cost compare with what Georgia is spending for more conventional school construction? Very favorably, according to Leslie E. Trotter, School Plant Services Architect for the State Department of Education.
"Construction costs in Georgia range from $12 to $18 per square foot, depending upon the location and type school being built," said Mr. Trotter. "For an air-conditioned, carpeted, high quality school such as these two in Athens, the cost is not at all out of line. The component system of construction did not, as was expected, allow savings in actual building costs. In the long run , however, there will be savings with respect to maintenance. The school system bought time, as well; under ordinary construction methods it would have taken at least a year to build comparable schools."
The two new schools meet all the requirements of the State School Building Authority, and then some. They are examples of the imaginative planning and foresight which in the last 15 years have put Georgia among the top three states in the United States in school construction, according to Mr. Trotter.
Open planning places classrooms around central area which can be shared during music or etv lessons . . .
Airy library is quiet, designed for study, concentration . ..
Workroom off teachers' lounge provides space for special projects ...
Contemporary exterior is brick, steel in earth colors . . .
Floor Plan
a. cafeteria / multipurpose
b. stage c. kitch en d. ser vice e. music f. speech therapy
g. teachers' lounge h. administration i. workroom j. book storage
k . audio visual I. library m. conference
n. restroom o. activities area p. classroom r. future classroom pad s. storage u. autom obile loadin g v. paved walk
(Photos by Hugh Potter)
Page 5
on Education
The Department of Education Industrial Arts Staff last week concluded a series of in-service programs for industrial arts teachers all over the state. Meetings were held in Columbus, Albany, Waycross, Macon, Savannah, Augusta, Atlanta, Gainesville and Rome to provide information concerning opportunities for developing industrial arts programs through NDEA, ESEA, State Equipment Aid, Standards and Industrial Arts Curriculum for Georgia.
WCLP-TV, Channel 18 of the Georgia ETV network, began programming Jan. 30 from its Chatsworth headquarters. A UHF channel, it is named for former State Superintendent of Schools Claude L. Purcell.
At the request of Gov. Lester Maddox, Georgia ETV originated the Governor's State-of-the-State address from the Capitol . Commercial television was not able to give live coverage on the short notice following Maddox's election, so ETV stepped in and saved the day.
Rep. Carl D. Perkins (D-Ky.) has succeeded Adam Clayton Powell as chairman of the House Education and Labor Committee. Perkins, formerly chairman of the General Education Subcommittee of the House, guided ESEA and its amendments through the House, and was author of the Vocational Education Act of 1963.
A new ruling by the U. S. Internal Revenue Service allows teachers to list educational expenses as income tax deductions. Covered expenses include costs of improving skills required in present positions and fulfilling addition'al education requirements.
The second of a series of three Educational Media Conferences for Instructional Supervisors was held Feb. 20-22 at the FFA-FHA Camp at Lake Jackson. The series, to be concluded in April , is a cooperative project of Southeastern Education Laboratory, the University of Georgia College of Education, the Department of Instructional Supervision, GEA, and the State
Page 6
State Superintendent of Schools Ja ck P. Nix, right, and A ssociate Superintendent Titus Singletary, Jr., center, tour new facilities of audio-visual services under guidance of Charles Bruce, film librarian . Georgia's library of 6,800 tapes is th e nation's largest.
Department of Education. High school seniors interested in be-
coming teachers may be eligible for scholarships offered by the State of Georgia. Ray Cleere, Coordinator of Teacher Recruitment and Scholarships for the Department of Education, is accepting applications now.
He outlines these qualifications: need for financial assistance; high school grades and College Board scores (SAT) high enough to predict an overall "B" average in college; plans to attend college in Georgia; plans to teach in Georgia. Grades through the end of the first semester should accompany applications. For more information, write Ray Cleere, Teacher Scholarships and Recruitment, State Office Building, 244 Washington Street, Atlanta, Ga. 30334.
A plan of reorganization for the Department of Education's Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, approved by the State Board of Education, retains Dr. A. P. Jarrell, Assistant Superintendent, as head of the office. Under him, four assistants will supervise phases of the rehabilitation program: Nathan Nolan .as Director of Facilities and Workshops; J . L .Hise as Director of Special Services; John S. Prickett, Jr. , as Director of General Services;
and a Director of Special Disabilities, yet to be named .
Atlanta to host conference. Atlanta will host a regional conference of the Division of Vocational and Technical Education, U. S. Office of Education. State directors, state supervisors, teacher educators, cooperating agencies, association and school administrators in Region IV will meet March 7-10.
A bold plan designed to recognize, encourage and reward the experienced and highly qualified teacher has been proposed by the National Commission on Teacher Education and Professional Standards in a new book, "Remaking the World of the Career Teacher." The book suggests several sweeping changes in teacher education, including elimination of student teaching, more interest in intellectual matters rather than emphasis on developing "interest in children," revision of outdated and inaccurate textbooks and recognition of the difference between "transient" teachers and career teachers.
The Georgia School Food Service Association's Eighth District has two better-trained lunchroom staff members this year; thanks to its own efforts. The District in 1961 established a scholarship fund in memory of Miss Eleanor Pryor, long time state supervisor of school lunch. For the first time, the investment paid off this summer with grants-in-aid for summer study for Mrs. Louise Whitman, Director, School Food Service, Dougherty County Schools; and Mrs. Margaret Sample, School Lunch Manager, Metter High School.
Research in planning education innovations has turned up this fact: the superintendent of schools is the key to change. He must either originate and be actively enthusiastic about a contemplated innovation, or at least willing to assist other staff members in their efforts. The notion that major change ideas come from teachers and other staff members is not supported in research findings. (Connecticut State Department of Education.)
Federal Aid Ranges Wide in Georgia's Current Education Effort
Federal funds help Georgia educacation in many ways, directly and indirectly. They provide pennies for milk at lunchtime and millions of dollars for educating disadvantaged children. Here is a partial survey of federally-financed projects initiated or strengthend in Georgia and the Southeast in the past few months.
Guaranteed Student Loan Program -Georgia received $182,150 in fiscal 1966 and will receive approximately $248 ,400 in 1967 to enable the state to guarantee loans to undergraduate and graduate students for college expenses up to $1,500 a year for up to six years.
Regional Offices for Processing Small Research Projects - Atlanta's regional office of USOE is one of several chosen by HEW to take part in a new plan which will speed up the handling of small research projects by processing them in regional offices. Small research projects are those requiring a total investment of $10,000 or less by USOE. The Atlanta office will also be the first to assume new duties under a decentralization policy of USOE which went into effect March 1. Most administrative aspects of state grant programs will be transferred to Atlanta and other regional offices.
Adult Basic Education - As of June 30, 1966, Georgia had received or had obligated funds totaling nearly $1,363,900 to provide adult basic education for 17,173 persons. The allocation comes under Title II-B of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964.
Equal Educational Opportunities Program-The Clayton County Board of Education in Jonesboro has received a $74,750 grant under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to finance an In-service training program to prepare teachers who will teach in a desegregated situation, and to provide them with the professional knowledge and techniques necessary to develop mutual understanding of both races. A similar grant of $40,000 went to Polk County and Cedartown City School Systems.
MDT A- The Department of Health, Education and Welfare has announced approval of 11 Manpower Development and Training Projects for Georgia at a cost of $558,769, of which $552,375 will be MDTA funds. The projects will be conducted in Atlanta, Columbus, Dublin, Macon, Athens, and Augusta.
Highway Safety Act - Under the Highway Safety Act of 1966, the federal government for the first time is providing funds to support driver education courses in public secondary schools through State Departments of Education. Georgia's available share for 1967 is estimated at $1,035,903, to be matched 50-50 with state funds and distributed 60 per cent for the state, 40 per cent for local programs of cities and counties.
Appalachian Act- The Appalachian Regional Commission has approved $430,000 to be matched with $200,000 in local funds for construction of the Carroll County Area Vocational-Technical School in Carrollton. The new school will serve students from Carroll County and surrounding counties in East Central Georgia and will have an enrollment of about 500.
Also under the Appalachian Act, Georgia has received $46,000 toward total construction funds of $92,000 for a sewage treatment facility at North Georgia Vocational Technical School in Clarkesville.
Recruitment Is Added to Duties
The job of teacher recruitment has been added to responsibilities of an expanded Division of Teacher Education and Certification of the State Department of Education.
A reorganization of the Division, submitted to and approved by the State Board, divides work of the unit into teacher education, teacher certification, and teacher recruitment and special programs. An associate director will head each of these units, and a division director, yet to be named,
The Commission has also approved a $160,000 grant for the construction of Calhoun High School VocationalTechnical School in Calhoun. The remaining $40,000 construction costs will be provided by local sources.
The Northeast Georgia Regional Library has been approved for a grant of $60,000 in Appalachian Developwill coordinate work of the three units. ment Funds to construct a new headquarters building at Clarkesville. The money will be matched with $40,000 local money and $100,000 under the Library Services and Construction Act. Work will begin early in 1967. The Clarkesville project is the 24th public library construction project approved by the State Board of Education under LSCA, and the fourth Appalachian area project to be approved.
The Appalachian Regional Commission also approved $127,664 for constructing and equipping an educational television station at Chatsworth. The new facility, to broadcast on a UHF channel, will reach 19 counties in Georgia. Total construction costs, $504,926, will be furnished by the Appalachian grant, the Educational Television Facilities Act of 1962, and the State of Georgia.
Higher Education Act - Emory University, Georgia State College and the University of Georgia shared funds totaling $118,000 to help them strengthen graduate education programs for elementary and secondary school teachers. The money will provide fellowships for study from one to three years.
NDEA - More than 7,000 students in 38 Georgia colleges and universities will be able to borrow under the National Defense Student Loan program for study during the current academic year. Georgia's share is $2,511 ,200.
Under Title III of the National Defense Education Act, $153,192 will be made available to 51 systems in Appalachian Georgia for special teaching equipment and instructional materials in elementary and secondary schools.
Page 7
Half of Five-Year-Olds in Kindergarten (continued from page l)
the Department, and Dr. Titus Singletary, Jr. , Associate State Superintendent of Schools, made the survey at the request of Mr. Nix.
Compiled data from the questionnaire reveal that local systems are operating 28 kindergartens (709 classes) , seven Headstart programs and one summer school as part of the
free public school system. Georgia has 484 teachers certified to teach grades 1-6, 32 certified in early childhood education and 12 in other areas of pre-school education. Of the children who will be entering the first grade next September, 28,612 are enrolled in kindergartens, public or private, and 15,892 in Headstart programs.
ON BOARD: Resolution Supports MFPE (continued from page n
Calhoun High in Calhoun, Cherokee County High in Canton; approved textbook bids received through Dec. 3I , 1966; took under consideration a recommendation of the Pickens County Board of Education that a policy be established pertaining to
school centers which are approvable under policies of the State Board of Education; approved the State Plan . for administration of allOLments to public library services under the Library Services and Construction Act; approved special allotments under the
request the bill drafting unit of the Legislative Counsel to draft a bill for presentation to the General Assembly to provide for making available surplus property no longer needed by departments of state government to the State Agency for Surplus Property
BULK RATE U. S. Postage
PAID
Atlanta, Georgia Permit Number 168
Acq uis ;1t1on s Div . Univers i t y of Ga. Libraries University of Georgia Athens, Ga . 3 0601
the naming of vocational-technical schools; approved an application of the Lowndes County. Board of Education for use of State Capital Outlay funds under the 1967-A Bond Issue of the State School Building Authority; approved revised policies for administration of the state aid program for multi-handicapped children; conditionally approved a request of the Calhoun City Board of Education for approval of capitalization of capital outlay funds of less than $I 00,000 to enable the Board to accept a grant of Appalachian funds for a vocational unit at Calhoun High School; withheld approval of an application of the Jackson County Board of Education for use of capital outlay funds pending presentation of a building program providing for use of state capital outlay funds at
for 33 counties; approved the budget presented by Public Library Services for the use of a planning grant allotted to the State Department of Education; denied a request of the Bleckley County Board of Education for a special allotment of capital outlay funds ; approved several maintenance and lease contracts for office space for units of the Department of Education; authorized the State Superintendent of Schools to execute the federal-state Child Nutrition Act agreement with the U. S. Department of Education; approved an addendum to the State Plan for Title III, NDEA, to permit use of federal funds in the purchase of equipment for industrial arts; approved amended sections of the Accounting Handbook for Local Systems; authorized the State Superintendent to
to be distributed to schools and other agencies; authorized School Food Services to withdraw support for the School Food Service Program and the Special Milk Program from the Savannah Christian School because of failure to file federal form 441-C under the Civil Rights Act of 1964; authorized the l;)ivision of Financial Services to compute the mid-term adjustment for school systems reporting an increase in average daily attendance for the first four months of the 196667 school year; denied a request of Hawkinsville Board of Education for permission to use state capital outlay funds to construct an addition to the gymnasium.
Next Committee Meeting: March 8. Next Board Meeting : March 15.
UN IVERS T F GEORGIA
at;.oAnP,sR l~ \oleJ9-611.od.a
ON BOARD ...
Teacher Education Courses Reduced
The State Board of Education at its March meeting unanimously adopted a recommendation of Superintendent Jack P. Nix that professional education requirements at the fifth and sixth year levels be reduced by one-third.
Individuals will now be professionally certified if they have completed two of the three courses required at both levels.
The Board took other action affecting Teacher Education and Certification as follows: approved the sixth year preparation program offered by the University of Georgia for school librarians through 1968; approved teacher education programs at Georgia College at Milledgeville (the Woman's College of Georgia); provided for a salary differential of $200 at the beginning level on the Temporary B-4 and $100 at the beginning level for regular B-4 certificates and T-4 certificates; directed Department of Education staff not to recognize experience gained by school personnel serving without a certificate; eliminated Board regulations which limit the amount of credit to be earned by a teacher in service.
The Board took final action on Standards for Georgia Schools by adopting a plan for administration of the Standards effective September 1967. (See story, page 1)
***
In other action the Board: granted permission to Educational Research Informatim~ Center to reproduce two State Department of Education publications; approved the Department's requ~st for peFmission to activate Glynn Academy, Brunswick, as an area voca-
(continued on page 8)
Historic Moment . .. Standards for Georgia Schools are the first items to be run on th e D epartment of Education's 360 IBM computer. L ooking on are, from left, Mrs . Jeanette Elkins, secretary to Standards Coordinator Clyde Pearce, Jr., center, and John Barker, Chief of Systems, Systems and Data Processing Division.
Standards to become Reality in September
Georgia set a milestone in the history of education when the State Board of Education issued "Standards for Georgia Schools" last month.
A first in both the state and nation, Georgia's Standards will be officially applied to each school and school system in the state beginning the school year ,1967-68.
Department of Education staff will gather data during visits to schools over the state, the information later to be compiled and processed by the Department's 360 IBM computer. During April, 1968, a list of all schools and systems will be issued, identifying each as either "Standard" or "Unclassified."
The Standards contain three categories of criteria: Required, Essential and Desirable. To qualify as Standard a school must fulfill all the "Required" items, plus a number of the "Essential" items. Beginning in 1968-69, additional requirements will be listed which, if met, will allow the school or system to qualify as Standard, Level II or Standard, Level I (higher).
Schools which are listed as unclassified will be required by the State Board of Education to submit a plan, developed with the system superintendent and the local board of education, outlining the school's deficiencies and a plan for overcoming them. The State Board will determine whether the plan is acceptable and set a maximum time during which the school may operate as unclassified.
The Standards as finally adopted by the Board during
(continued on page 12)
INSIDE
E D U C A T I O N with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
The Georgia General Assembly has just given the state's teachers the largest single pay raise in history, effective with the school year 1967-68. There was some early opposition to the proposed plan for effecting the raise; some thought an "across-the-board" plan would be fairest to all.
I believe the plan finally adopted, the new index salary schedule, will be most equitable for all teachers. The current salary schedule is weighted in favor of beginning teachers and teachers employed during the first four years of service. For example, the present schedule provides total increases amounting to $924 through the first four years, and only an additional $483 for the next nine years. An across-the-board raise would have perpetuated this inequity.
The new schedule, when fully financed, will provide uniform increases so that a teacher can know what to expect each year. For example: $130 increase each year for the teacher with four years of college; $156 a year for five years college; $182 a year for six years college.
The average raise will be $700 per teacher. The beginning teacher with four years college will receive $4,800. The teacher with a four-year certificate and 15 years of experience will receive $6,393. The beginning teacher with five years college will receive $5,256, and a teacher with a five-year certificate and 15 years of experience, $7,242.
In the second year of the biennium, an average salary increase of $558 will be applied to the salary index schedule as approved by the General Assembly. This will mean that a beginning teacher with four years of college will receive $5 ,200, and a teacher with a four-year certificate and 15 years of experience, $7,020. The beginning teacher with five years of college will receive $5,876, and a teacber with a five-year certificate and 15 years of experience, $8 ,060.
Teachers, supervisors, principals and superintendents holding the same certificate with the same number of years experience will receive the exact percentage and dollar increase.
The new salary schedule was developed after more than a year's work and study by a professional committee representing all groups in public education and authorized by the State Board of Education. The committee's objectives were to develop a schedule which would provide an attractive beginning salary, increases to hold teachers in the profession, incentive for teachers to improve their competencies, encouragement to continue as career teachers and equitable recognition of professional accomplishment and performance.
I feel that the committee did its job well. The new index salary schedule meets the above objectives in a fair and equal manner. When the schedule is fully implemented, Georgia will have taken a giant step toward a salary scale she can offer with pride.
State Salary Schedule for Professional Certificated Teachers
With Four Years of College Education
With Five Years of College Education
... ..., ,, INI-69
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(hf' I , !Hl) 1961-63 IHIU
R esearch and Statistical Services, State Departm ent of E ducation
Page 2
James L . Dewar, left, is congratulated by Governor L~ster M~d~ox following his sweari~g-i~ as new State Board of Education member from the Ezghth Dzstnct. At n ght,. L. L . Jen~zns zs congratulated on his new position as State Board representatlve from the Fourth Dzstnct.
Maddox Names J. L. Dewar, L. L. Jenkins
Governor Lester Maddox has appointed two new members to the State Board of Education, L. L. Jenkins of Decatur and James Dewar of Valdosta. They were sworn in February 15, the same day they attended their first Board meeting.
Mr. Jenkins replaces Scott Candler, Jr., of Decatur, interim appointee of Gov. Carl Sanders to fill the unexpired term of Donald W. Payton who resigned in December. A native of Florida, Mr. Jenkins is executive vicepresident of Fran Tarkenton, Inc., DirAction of Georgia. The franchise firm is concerned with developing programs for industry to upgrade employees through improved human relations, communications skills and selfunderstanding.
Mr. Jenkins' background in education includes experience as assistant principal and principal of Southwest DeKalb High School and principal of Gordon High School (DeKalb County). During his years as principal in DeKalb Mr. Jenkins introduced a number of innovative programs for the improvement of instruction, including a "school-within-a-school" concept for both Southwest DeKalb and Gordon, special seminars outside the school day, a sub-basic program of instruction and honor classes. Other innovations, later accepted county-wide, included technological improvements in grading, record keeping and library and business practices.
Mr. Jenkins has written for the GEA Journal and the National Bulle-
tin of Secondary School Principals. He is a past president of the Fourth GEA District of High School Principals and the Nine County Metropolitan Principals' Association. He received the A.B. degree from Florida Southern College and the M.Ed. from the University of Georgia.
Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins, two sons and a daughter live at 3166 Thrasher Circle in Decatur.
***
James Dewar, who replaces Lonnie Sweat of Blackshear, whose term expired, is in the insurance, real estate and banking business. He has been a teacher and principal in both elementary and high school, a basketball coach, a county school superintendent, and a college business instructor.
Mr. Dewar is a member of the Real Estate Board, the National Association of Life Underwriters, the Valdosta Chamber of Commerce, Valdosta Kiwanis Club, Georgia Association of School Superintendents, and First Methodist Church of Valdosta.
A native Georgian, he was educated at Valdosta High School, Emory Junior College and the University of Georgia, where he received both the B.S. and M.S. degrees. He is a Chartered Life Underwriter .(C.L.U.), graduate of the American College of Chartered Life Underwriters in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.
Mr. and Mrs. Dewar live at 802 East Park Ave., Valdosta. They have one son, James L. Dewar, Jr.
LUNCH LINES
New Regulations
For Pre-Schoolers - -
Regulations of the National School Lunch Act have been amended to include pre-school pupils in programs operated by Boards of Education . . .
For 1967-68, President Johnson's budget proposal includes a small increase for school lunch cash assistance ...
Statewide Training-in-Depth programs are scheduled for Georgia College at Milledgeville and Morris Brown, Atlanta ...
Special milk reimbursem*nt is available for summer school food service programs . . .
Plentiful foods for April: eggs, fish fillets and steaks, oranges and orange juice, beef, grapefruit, peanuts and peanut products ...
Donated foods the rest of this year are expected to be at the same level as a year ago. The commodities will include chicken, beef and canned beef, butter, cheese and orange juice (in almost unlimited amounts) .
***
Independent and county school systems may budget for school lunch programs, but the procedure is different, according to Miss Josephine Martin, Chief Consultant, School Food Service Program. Independent systems may use "educational funds" for school lunch purposes except food. In budgeting for next year, Miss Martin suggests including money for equipment, utilities, personnel, etc. Counties may levy a tax for school lunch, under a Constitutional amendment passed in 1962.
Coming Up...
Georgia Council on Teacher Education will hold its spring meeting April 16-18 at the University of Georgia.
"This Atomic World," a traveling exhibit of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, is scheduled in schools over the state from April 3 to May 19.
Page 3
"EDUCATION fared well . . ." says Superintendent of Schools
J ack P. Nix . "Education had one of the very best
years since adoption of the new Minimum Foundation Program in 1964," says H ouse Education Committee Chairman Rep. J. Mac Barber of Commerce .
Educators evaluating action by the 1967 General Assembly in the field of education probably would agree with Superintendent Nix and Representative Barber. But there were some defeats as well as successes for education.
Among major legislation approved by the lawmakers during the session just ended was :
The largest single pay raise in the history of the state , averaging $700 per teacher;
A new index pay plan which eliminates inequities in the current plan and assures a raise every year through the first 15 years of teaching;
An increase in maintenance and operation and sick leave funds .from $620 per state-allotted teacher to $848 next year and $1 ,050 in 1968-69;
Salvation of the chargeback plan for local support of education.
The total state appropriation for elementary and secondary education was $325 ,940,415 - 41.5 % of the final appropriation of $785,339,708.
Education's share of all state funds for 1967-68 will drop by 2.74 % from its current level, 44.24 % in 1966-67. Even so, Georgia will probably retain its high ranking among states in per capita state expenditure for all education - elementary, secondary and higher. According to the NEA R esearch Division, Georgia was 23rd among states with its $79.39 per capita state expenditure for all education in 1965.
The State Department of Education's proposed budget for education for 1967-68 was' cut by $39,821 ,973, the largest single sum, $24,500,000, from teacher salary funds. Superintendent Nix and the State Board of Education had asked that an average raise of $1,258 for each teacher be financed the first year of the biennium. The budget as recommended by Gov-
Page 4
What
Price
Education $ $
The
General Assembly Decides .....
By Anne S. Raymond
ernor Lester Maddox and passed by the Legislature trimmed the average raise to $700 the first year and added the remaining $528 the second. Also eliminated from the Department's proposed budget was $3 ,400,000 to finance Section 15 of the Minimum Foundation Program Law (Consumable Materials), and $3,500,000 in Contingency Funds. Capital Outlay funds for State Schools and Vocational Rehabilitation were cut by $1,283,416, and $ 1,300,000 proposed for school lunch operation was eliminated. Public library grants were cut by $700,000 and vocational education grants .by $640,000. A $612,000 fund for driver education was eliminated completely, after the Legislature last year appropriated $200,000 to train driver education teachers. Other cuts were made in funds for operation of the State Department of Education, operation of the vocational rehabilitation program, operation of four state schools, textbook grants, isolated schools, midterm adjustment, salaries of teachers at Alto, salaries of superintendents and public librarians, grants for supervis~ ing teachers, supplements to school lunch managers, psychological services and in-servict( grants for teachers.
A fight over freezing the required local effort for school systems was settled the last day of the Legislature by a compromise which temporarily freezes it at 18 percent.
(Required local effort is the amount of money local school systems must put up as a minimum to finance their share of education. The 1964 Minimum Foundation Law specified that the local share be increased by one percentage point annually until the state-local ratio of 80-20 was reached in 1970.)
Early moves by legislators during the recent session sought to freeze the local effort at 17 % . This was amended to 18% by the Senate, and that proposal was amended in the House to provide that local effort remain at 18% for two years , then increase by 1h percentage point beginning in 1969-70 until the 80-20 ratio is reached.
According to Repr~sentative Barber, "The fact that we did not freeze
local support will prevent some future legislature from having to perform the very distasteful task of unfreezing it.
"The increase in M & 0 funds is the most important action we took in relieving the financial burden at the local level," he said. " When M & 0 reaches $1,050 in 1968, the State will be contributing an amount equal to the average cost of M & 0 per teacher. "
[n other action on the plus side, the Legislature restored the cut in contingency funds by putting it into Maintenance and Operation funds, which had been cut to $750 in the Governor's proposed budget. Half the amount cut from school lunch operation funds, $1,300,000, was restored in establishing a new program of teaching manners, nutrition, health and hygiene in public schools.
**
The Legislature made other contributions to education with the passage of bills:
o Establishing teaching as a profession with the rights, privileges and responsibilities accorded other legally recognized professions, and providing for development and adoption of a code of ethics and professional performance;
Amending t~e teacher retirement plan to allow certain members who have attained age 65, completed 40 or more years' service, and continue in service, to continue to make contributions to the system under certain conditions;
Amending the state employees retirement system to give credit for prior service;
Allowing a local school system to anticipate one-half its next year's receipts in preparing its budget;
Amending the Act creating a Board of Examiners of Practical Nurses to increase examination fees and require hospitals giving this training for practical nurses to include in their course a minimum of 600 hours class work and 800 hours practical experience during a twelve-months' period;
Declaring dual control driver education motor vehicles as public prop-
The 1967-68 Georgia G eneral Assembly in session .. .
erty and exempt from any and all ad valorem taxes;
Changing the name of the State School Building Authority to the Georgia Building Authority;
Providing an additional member on the Board of Trustees of the Teacher's Retirement System;
Authorizing the Secretary of State to make available the official compilation, rules and regulations of the State of Georgia, without charge to certain state and county officials;
Providing for a constitutional amendment to authorize the expenditure of state funds for school lunch purposes;
Creating an interim committee to study the problem of school dropouts;
Creating an interim committee to study the tax structure.
***
Legislative proposals which failed to make it this year included:
A measure to provide tenure or job security for teachers, and spell out how local boards could fire them;
An amendment to the MFPE law to include within the term "certificated professional personnel," assistant principals;
An act to establish driver education as part of the curriculum in Georgia public high schools by 1968-69;
A bill to provide that local systems may establish and maintain special educational facilities;
A bill to provide that in calculating that portion of the estimated cost of the statewide Minimum Foundation program which will be provided
by local units of administration who do not furnish transportation to their pupils, the cost of such transportation shall not be included;
An act to provide for the regulation, inspection and approval of private business schools by the State Board of Education;
An act to authorize the head of any department or agency of state government to declare any property within his department or agency as surplus property; to provide for the transfer of such property to the State Agency for Surplus Property of the State Department of Education.
***
The Legislature this year decided to begin annual budgeting of funds, but under existing State laws a two-year budget must be adopted. The lawmakers appropriated in 1968-69 the 1967-68 amounts, reduced by capital outlay projects not recurring in 196869. The effect of this action was to require agencies to submit another budget for 1968-69 to be presented to the second session of the 1967-68 General Assembly.
"We are pleased with the action the General Assembly took on education during the session just ended," said Superintendent Nix. "We appreciate the appropriation we received, and we are grateful for the legislators' conscientious attention to the needs of education. We will do everything in our power to spend every education dollar wisely and to carry on the responsibility for quality education which the Legislature has placed upon us."
Page 5
'ALERT REPORTS on Education
Georgia State College has announced plans to establish a School of Education, to begin operation in September. The Board of Regents on January 11 authorized the new school, and formal announcement was made at a luncheon for GSC alumni attending the GEA convention. Dr. William M. Suttles, vice president, said he believes that within ten years the School of Education may have as many as 7,500 students out of a total GSC enrollment of 25,000. College officials are now screening candidates for dean of the new school.
The State Board of Education and the Georgia General Assembly both passed resolutions recognizing the 50th anniversary of vocational education on Feb. 23, anniversary of the signing of the Smith-Hughes Act in 1917. That date marked 50 years of partnership between federal , state and local governments in providing vocational education in the schools of Georgia.
Mrs. Audrey Bryant, teacher at C. T. Walker Elementary School in Augusta, is 1967 State Teacher of the Year. Regional nominees competed for the honor, awarded annually by the Georgia State Chamber of Commerce and the Georgia Teachers and Education Association. She received a $500 scholarship.
WACS-TV, Channel 25, began programming March 6 at Dawson. The station, named for Associate State Superintendent of Schools, Allen 'C. Smith, will serve Southcentral Georgia. It is the eighth channel in the Georgia ETV network.
Georgia has 15 winners in the National Achievement Scholarship Program for outstanding Negro students, a division of the National Merit Scholarship Corp.
Georgia school systems have received official notice of their fiscal year 1967 allocations of funds under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, according to R. C.
Beemon, State Department of Education Title I coordinator. The state's total allocation is $34,725,066. Most of Georgia's money finances projects in reading, food service and teacher aide services. Deadline for project applications and amendments is May 1. Also in connection with Title I, U. S. Commissioner of Education Harold Howe II, has issued a memorandum to the heads of all state educational agencies emphasizing USOE policy that "the money follows the child." The idea behind the directive is to insure continuation of educational benefits for Negro children who change schools under a desegregation program.
Cobb County Schools, Marietta, is among ten school systems who have been named finalists in the 1967 Enclyclopedia Brittanica School Library Awards competition. The winners were cited for "significant improvement" of their elementary school library programs and are eligible to share in awards totaling $5,000.
Officers of national and state Vocational Clubs of America honored Congressman Carl D. Perkins for his support for vocational education during a recent week of leadership training activities in Washington, D . C.
Libraries all over Georgia will observe National Library Week April 1622, planning their programs around the theme "Reading Is What's Happening-Your Libraries Need You." According to Mrs. Lester A. Webb of Comer, chairman of NLW for Georgia, major goals of the observance will be to attract more and better qualified librarians to give more and better library services, and to encourage every Georgian to use and support his libraries.
A Bureau of Education for the Handicapped has been established in the U. S. Office of Education to ) strengthen and coordinate activities in behalf of the handicapped, U. S. Com-
missioner of Education Harold Howe ( I announced.
Georgia will receive $1 ,062 ,932 for fiscal 1967 under a federal program that gives educationally impoverished adults a chance to get schooling up to the eighth grade level. The allocation supports adult basic education classes designed to help people over 18 overcome English language difficulties, prepare for occupational training and become better able to deal with the obligations and responsibilities of citizenship. The program was created by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, but in 1966 Congress repealed that section of the Act and replaced it with the Adult Education Act of 1966. Mrs. Catherine Kirkland is coordinator of Adult 'Basic Education for the Georgia Department of Education.
Georgia school winners of 1966 Freedom Awards of Freedom Foundation at Valley Forge include Kittredge School, St. Pius X Catholic High School, Guy Webb School, Atlanta; Avondale High School, Avondale Estates; Muscogee County School District; Mrs. Freida B. Padgett, teacher, Claxton; Knollwood School, Decatur; LaGrange High School, LaGrange; Tucker High School, Tucker.
The American Association of School Administrators, at its annual convention this year, passed a resolution against "national testing and national curriculum." The AASA has advised its 16,500 members not to participate in the upcoming national assessment of education . A natioqal sampling of educational achievement in nine curriculum areas and at four age levels is scheduled for next fall under sponsorship of the Carnegie Corporation and the Ford Foundation.
"A Proud Past - An Unlimited Future" is the theme of the Georgia Education Association's Centennial Year celebration. Several special events highlighted the 1OOth annual meeting of the GEA March 15-18 in Atlanta.
Page 6
A s a youth .. .
Early career . ..
Before legislature . .. Contemplating .. .
At party ...
Upon retirem ent . ..
'Doc' Collins Guided Georgia Education 25 Years
"Yessir, he delivers the goods, express charges prepaid . . ."
That favorite phrase of Di. M. D. Collins, beloved Superintendent of Georgia Schools who died March 9, aptly describes its author.
Dr. Collins was Georgia's chief state school officer for 25 years, from 1933 to 1958, when he resigned to become superintendent emeritus. He retired from that position July 31 , 1963 . During the record 25 years he was superintendent, Dr. Collins delivered the goods - education for almost a million Georgia children - sometimes "express charges prepaid."
His career as superintendent saw these things achieved:
The Minimum Foundation Program of Education, free textbooks and library service, surplus commodities, surplus properties, rural libraries, state teacher salary schedule, school lunch program, expanded vocational education and vocational rehabilitation, organization of curriculum, twelfth grade, extension of school term from three to nine months, teacher retirement system, stare employees retirement system, state merit system, two state trade and vocational schools, the high school equivalency program for veterans, veterans' on-the-job training, veterans' academic program, veterans' on-the-farm training and an audiovisual program with the largest tape library of any state in the nation. He saw the state education budget go from $16 million to $140 million.
Appointed State Superintendent the year Franklin D. Roosevelt became President, Dr. Collins served during terms of Governors Eugene Talmadge,
E . D. Rivers , Ellis Arnall, M. E. Thompson, Herman Talmadge and Marvin Griffin.
When Dr. Collins retired at 73, he was dean of all the state school superintendents in the nation in length of service. He served in the top education post in Georgia longer than any other superintendent on record.
The educator's rich and varied lifetime brought him many problems, but th,rough them all he kept insisting:
"We must have equal educational opportunity for all the children of all the people . . . Education does not C()St- it PAYS.... I had rather pay the bill at the schoolhouse than at the jaP.lhouse ..."
A newspaper article upon his retirement described Dr. Collins as " a genial educator who would do it all again . . . A smile is nearly always on
qr. Collins' face - a great help when
dealing with teachers, officials and legi~lators ... He gave as well as he got, too, in a nice way. And he was more than willing to stand up and fight for what he believed to be the best interests of the department (of education) and the children."
Dr. Collins' active career in education spanned 61 years. He started by teaching 81 pupils in a one-room school at Liberty in Union County in his native Choestoe. The pupils included his own small brothers and sisters. His salary was $22.50 a month for four months. He became a school principal, then superintendent of schools in old Campbell County, only
to vote himself out of that job by supporting consolidation of Campbell County into Fulton.
Dr. Collins led a never-ending bat-
tle to raise teacher salaries, and in his
campaign made frequent use of a fav-
orite story:
It was about a teacher who, in the
depths of the depression, was ap-
proached by a friend in the bank. The
teacher was carefully counting the few
bills that constituted her salary. And
each time she counted off a bill she
would lick her thumb for the next one.
The friend, a bit shocked at this pro-
cedure, finally said:
"But aren't you afraid you'll get
germs off that money?"
"Not on your life," said the teacher.
"No germ could live on my salary."
In addition to his career as an edu-
cator, Dr. Collins had been a mer-
chant, farmer, banker, evangelist, Bap-
tist minister, lecturer and newspaper
editor. He. was life pastor of Friend-
ship Baptist Church at Fairburn, and
for 23 years was a member of the
Board of Directors of the National
School Boards Association. Among
the many organizations with which he
was associated, he held life member-
ships in the GEA, NEA, American
Vocational Association, National As-
sociation Georgia
oPfTVAo,catNioantiaolnRalehaCblialsitsartiooon~
Teachers' Association, and National
Elementary Principals' Association.
"Doc" Collins, as the superintendent
was affectionately called," could quickly
lighten a worrier's load with a favorite
expression, "Attaboy!" His broad
smile, well-chewed cigar and friendly
handshake were familiar trademarks
all over Georgia. And the thriving edu-
cational system he nurtured with his
time and talents is. a monument which
almost does him justice.
Page 7
Peace Corps Offers Chance to Share
A chance for individual schools in the Unit_ed States to participate in providing classrooms in areas where none existed before is offered by the Peace Corps School-to-School Program. Under the new plan, a school in the U. S. would raise money to be used by a host country community to purchase construction materials (usually about $1 ,000) . Members of the host country community would then work with Peace Corps Volunteers in building the school. More information is available from Peace Corps School-toSchool Program, Washington, D. C. 20525.
The Columbus Area VocationalTechnical School will be moving April 15 into a newly-completed 30,000square-feet addition. The new area will house 18 classrooms, lab areas and a
welding shop. Among classes to be housed are data processing and mechanical technology, according to A. Perry Gordy, director of the school.
ON BOARD ...
Teacher Education Requirements Lowered n (continued from page
tional high school beginning 1967-68; approved an application froin Massey Junior College, Inc., for a certificate to operate a law scho_ol; approved the form "Agreement for the Participation of Private Schools in Title II, Elementary and Secondary Education Act"; adopted a resolution urging all members of Georgia's Congressional delegation to take all actions necessary to insure that non-commercial, educational television is protected from the excessive and discriminatory demands of certain provisions and proposed revisions of the U. S. Copyright Law; denied a request of the Cartersville City Board of Education for use of capital outlay funds to construct shower and dressing room facilities; approved a recommendation from Educational Television Services for shar-
Accreditation Story
Georgia has 468 accredited public high schools, 83 accredited junior high schools, and 1,453 accredited elementary schools according to the recent Official Bulletin of the Georgia Accrediting Association, 1966-67.
Page 8
ing the cost of operating the -ETV network with the University of Georgia; authorized payment due the Atlanta City Schools for participation in the cost of operating the Atlanta ETV station; authorized leases of space and repairs for various units of the Department of Education; approved budgets for the fourth quarter, fiscal 1967, as recommended by the Department; authorized the State Superintendent to request approval of a budget amendment to budget $4 million of funds , representing state salaries of teachers not employed by local school systems, for increases in teachers' salaries for the current school year; reaffirmed its policy requiring that state capital outlay funds be used in the construction of non-combustible buildings and that requests for approval of the use of such funds in the construction of combustible buildings be denied; authorized the Superintendent and the Chairman of the Board to execute a contract with Dudley Trucking Co. for transportation of surplus property from federal agencies and military reservations to Georgia distribution centers; approved an allotment of $30,000 in federal library construction funds for construe-
tion at the Cornelia Public Library; authorized the purchase of a quantity of steel for construction of bins and racks at the surplus property warehouse; approved redistribution of State School Building Authority funds for construction at South Georgia Technical and Vocational School; approved annual allotments of capital outlay funds for Haralson County ($69,600) and Carroll County ($100,000); authorized the State Superintendent to accept the assignment of payments due the contractor for an ETV station at Cochran; approved a revised priority list for school buildings to be constucted for the Carroll County Board of Education by the State School Building Authority, continued until April 19 the hearing on a Carroll County appeal; adopt~d a resolution of the State School Building Authority concerning the 1967 SSBA Bond Issue, said resolution having the effect of reducing annual rental on school bonds thereby releasing funds to finance the 67 series; adopted a resolution praising Lonnie E. Sweat of Blackshear for his services as a member of the State Board of Education.
EDUCATION NEWS RECAP: 28% of U.S. Population in School
A national survey of teacher supply and demand reveals that 1966-67 demand will exceed supply by an estimated 128,400 in elementary schools and 104,000 in high schools. . . . Six per cent of the gross national product in 1965 went for education ... The U. S. Department of Labor reports that the more education a woman has received, the greater the likelihood that she will be engaged in paid employment. ... Of 47 million families in the U. S. , 9.3 million earn less than $3,000 annually ... 42,138 pre-school age Georgians participated in Headstart programs in Georgia during the summers of 1965 and 1966, according to the first annual report of the Georgia Office of Economic Opportunity.... Almost 29 per cent of the U. S. population of 196 million was in school this fall . . . . Average salaries of instructional staff in public schools will probably reach $7,000 this year . . . per pupil expenditure will climb to $561. . . . Expenditures for public school education in the nation this year will total $26.3 billion. The value of a high school diploma is $273,000, reports the Georgia Educational Improvement Council in a new pamphlet, "Education Pays" .. .. Too many education courses required for teachers? Georgia is one of only five among 17 Southern and border states who require less than 20 semester hours of professional education courses for certification. . . . More than 58,500,000 Americans are engaged full-time in the nation's educational enterprise as students, teachers or administrators. Another 164,492 make education a time-consuming avocation as trustees of local school systems, state boards of education or institutions of higher learning. . . . . Better grades and a better driving record go hand in hand, reports the nation's largest auto insuror. A study of driving records of 68,000 young men revealed that the "good student" driver has a record that is clea.rly 25 to 30 per cent better than young men with
grade averages of "B" or less. . . . Three of every four persons who completed occupational training under the Manpower Development and Training Act are employed today, the U. S. Office of Education reports. . . . Enrollment in Georgia's Industrial Arts Education program has grown from 28,000 in 1961 to 45,000 last year, reports Raymond Ginn, Department of Education Program Coordinator. . . . Georgia's work-study program, which provides meaningful work activity and earnings for deserving stu-
dents enrolled in one of the state or area vocational-technical schools, provided 1,680 boys and girls with approximately $509,000 during the last fiscal year. . . . A pilot food service program for eighth and ninth graders at Dudley M. Hughes High School teaches 25 students food service fundamentals and also allows them to practice their knowledge at a place of actual employment. The students' total take-home pay for the first month amounted to $1,033.33 -an average of $56.28 per student.
HEADLINERS
J. William Rioux bas been named acting director of planning and evaluation for the Bureau of Elementary and Secondary Education, USOE. Andrew D. Holt, president of the University of Tennessee, has been named president-elect of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. William L. Pressly, president of Westminster Schools, Atlanta, succeeds Arleigh B. Templeton of Sam Houston State College, Texas, as president of SACS. Julian Halligan has been elected president of the Georgia School Boards
Association. He succeeds Claude Bray. Sam M. Lambert, NEA's Assistant Executive Secretary for Information Services, has been named Executive Secretary, effective August 1. He will succeed William G. Carr, who last year announced his retirement at the end of his current term. Lee Franks, Executive Director, Georgia Educational Television Services, represented Georgia at a national conference in Washington, D. C., March 5-7, on the longrange financing of educational television stations.
STAR Banquet Set April 21
Georgia's STAR students and teacher, to be chosen from district winners in the State Chamber of Commerce sponsored competition, will share honors at the STAR banquet April 21 at the Atlanta Marriott.
Competing for the state honor are first district STAR student Melanie Mason of Savannah and teacher, Mrs. Jeanne M. Garlington; second district, Mary Elizabeth Lashley and Mrs. R. E . Lashley, Albany High School; third district, Peter Hunt Maxwell and Mrs. Susan Mathews, Columbus High School; fourth district, Norman Alhadeff and George Thomson, Briarcliff
High School, Decatur; fifth district, Tom Stair and James P. Rudolph, Westminster Schools, Atlanta; sixth district, James Douglas Marr and Sister Mary Rosina, Mt. de Sales Academy, Macon; seventh district, Stephen Marshall Baxter and George Awsumb, Darlington School, Rome; eighth district, Charles Clayton Steqbins and Mrs. Yvonne Parks, Glynn Academy, Brunswick; ninth district, Lynn Johnston of Cherokee High, Canton, and Mrs. R . H . Reynolds , Bal'dwin High, Milledgeville; tenth district, Barbara F. Beier and Sister Mary Lucille, Aquinas High, Augusta.
Page 9
Joint Project of Department, University Wins Citation from Teacher Education Association
Attorney General's
The Georgia State Department of Education and the University of Georgia have been working together for two years on a program which has won for the University the Distinguished Achievement Award for 1967 from the American Association of Colleges of Teacher Education.
The winning project, now in its second year, is the National Science Foundation Mathematics Institute, largest such program in the United States. This year, 1,155 elementary and junior high school teachers are enrolled in in-service classes in mathematics taught over the Georgia ETV network twice weekly after school hours. Television sessions are followed
Welch to Head Planning Bureau
H. Oliver Welch, Assistant State Superintendent of Schools, Office of Staff Assistance, resigned that post April 1 to join Governor Lester Maddox's staff as head of the new State Planning and Programming Bureau.
Mr. Welch joined the Department of Educ(ltion staff a year ago as a management and financial consultant. He was formerly assistant professor at Georgia State College.
Catalog Compiled
More than 1,700 reports and other 0ocuments related to education of disadvantaged children are available in inexpensive printed or microfilmed form from the U. S. Office of Education. "A Catalog of Selected Documents on the Disadvantaged," published by USOE, lists documents that have been developed for big-city projects. They tell what has peen learned about cost, administration, counseling, testing2 teaching, and results in the education of deprived youngsters. It is available for 65 cents from the U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402.
by personal instruction by qualified teachers in 35 centers in which the courses are held.
Dr. Leonard Pikaart, director of the program, is assisted by Mrs. Gladys Thomason, State Department of Education Mathematics Education Coordinator, and Miss Susie Underwood, consultant.
SASBO Discusses 'Things to Come'
"The Shape of Things to Come" was topic of the 16th annual conference of the Southeastern Association of School Business Officials (SASBO) March 29-31 in Charleston, S. C. ' Dr. Kenneth W. Tidwell, Assistant State Superintendent of Schools, a past president of SASBO, was among Georgia participants on the program.
Others included Norman J. Aaron, Assistant Superintendent, Atlanta City Schools; Dr. Nathan Patterson, Assistant Superintendent, Muscogee County Schools; Tom Valentine, Assistant Director of Operations and Maintenance, Clarkston; Robert H. Moran, Business Manager, Clarke County School District, Athens; Dr. Itrank K. Gibson, Professor Political Science, University of Georgia. Georgians on conference committees were Albert W. Livingston, Wilburn Adams, Jerry Wootan, Dr. Tidwell, Dr. Patterson, and Bruce McCollum. Conference subjects included accounting and finance, business management, data processing, federal funds, food service, maintenance, operations, purchasing, transportation.
OPINIONS
"The statutory authority of the governing authorities of a county to designate the depository to be used by the county board of education applies to all school funds under the jurisdiction and control of the county school board. The county board of education may designate such a depository only when the county authorities fail to designate a depository.
"Assuming that the depository for all county school funds is chosen by the governing authorities of the county, the fact that a member of the county board of education is a stockholder of such bank would pose no problem under the State's conflict of interests laws. While the situation would be less clear if the depository were selected by the school board, it is my opinion that even here the fact that a board member was a stockholder in the bank would not result in a conflict of interest violation."
Teacher Shortage Film Scheduled
The Georgia Educational Television Network has produced a color film, "Ode to an Uncertain Tomorrow," exploring the state's recurring teacher shortage and reasons for its existence. It will be released early this month on the educational television network, and will be available thereafter for use by commercial TV stations, civic and club groups.
Atlanta Area Yo-Tech School Cited
The $6 million Atlanta Area Vocational-Technical School, which is to open next September, has been chosen "A Significant School" by the Southeastern Regional Center for Educational Facilities Laboratories, Inc., of New York City.
The school is featured in a 16-page brochure Profile published by the
School Plaiming Laboratory at the University of Tennessee. Profile "highlights new concepts of design to implement a vocational-technical program," giving floor plans, the instructional program, environmental factors, reasons for choice of compact plan vs. campus plan, construction specifications, size and cost.
Page 10
Roundup of Fellowships, Institutes
More than 800 fellowships for graduate training of prospective elementary and secondary school teachers have been allocated for the 1967-68 school year under Title V-C of the Higher Education Act of 1965. Georgia's share is 24 fellowships. (USOE)
The Southern Education Foundation offers internships to develop young leadership in education among those who are committed to a career in
Oops! ...
The Face on the Cutting Room Floor . . . last month was that of Sam Wood, Clarke County's able school superintendent. Of course he was not absent that day the Clarke Board and local school officials planned the system's two revolutionary new schools (only from ALERT's aritcle about them. See Georgia Alert, February, 1967, pp. 4-5). Mr. Wood was a prime force in the successful planning, supervision and utilization of Barnett Shoals and Fowler Drive Elementary Schools, from the time they began as architect's drawings to the day the opening school bells rang. Kudos to Mr. Wood.
Southern education at any level, are about 23 to 33 years old, and have already h~d some graduate training or employment experience in education or closely related fields . (Southern Edu-
cation Foundation, 811 Cypress St., N.E., Atlanta)
The University of Georgia will hold an 11-month institute for 20 experienced teachers in the metropolitan Atlanta area September 1967-August 1968. The program is authorized under Title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965. (E. Paul Torran~e, 105 Baldwin Hall, The University of Georgia, Athens)
The University of Oregon Summer Session offers four hours of graduate credit for a month's study and travel in Equatorial South America. Mrs. Jennelle Moorhead, president of the National Congress of Parents and Teachers, will conduct two groups. (Mrs. Moorhead, National Congress of Parents and Teachers, 700 North Rush St., Chicago, Illinois 60611)
Institutes for Advanced Study in Arts and Humanities are planned at 12 U. S. colleges under sponsorship of the National Foundation on the Arts and Humaniti~s Act of 1965. Closest to Georgia is the one at Florida Presbyterian College, St. Petersburg, Florida 33723. (John Satterfield. Director)
Lonnie Sweat of Blackshear, who has just completed 18 years membership on the State Board of Education, will be honored when WXGA-TV, educational channel at Waycross, is dedicated to him.
Lonnie Sweat Served On Board 18 Years
Lonnie E. Sweat, Eighth District representative to the State Board of Education, ended 18 years of dedicated service to education when his term expired January, 1967.
Mr. Sweat, whose home is in Blackshear, was appointed to the Board by then Governor Herman E. Talmadge in January, 1949. He wasreappointed by Talmadge in 1953, and again by Governor Ernest Vandiver in 1960.
Mr. Sweat made the original motion which launched Georgia's plans for a ten-station educational television network. He has served on numeroJJs committees qf the State Board, most recently as a member of the Instruction Committee.
Discover America
Week Scheduled
An effort to focus national attention on travel and vacationing within the United States has culminated in President Johnson's proclamation that April 16-22 is Discover America Planning Week. School systems may participate in the observance through local essay and poster contests, class programs and projects on the Discover America theme. More information is available from Donald Y. McCoy, Executive Director, Discover America, 405 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017.
To Discuss Jobs During Techdays
People wanting jobs and jobs wanting people will get together this spring during "Techdays," a new plan of job placement and service to industry originated by the Vocational Division of the State Department of Education.
Each of the state and area vocational-technical schools has set aside at least one day for job interviews during March, April and May. Prospective employers have been invited to spend the day at the 22 participating schools talking with this spring's crop
Both group interviews and private sessions will be arranged.
The Techdays schedule is as follows: South Georgia, April 4, 5; North Georgia, April 24, 25; Albany, April 11 ; Athens, April 26; Atlanta, March 31; Augusta, May 1, 2; Columbus, April 6; DeKalb, March 27, 28; Lanier, April 27; Griffin, March 29.; Troup, April 7; Macon, April 3; Cobb, April 18, 19; Moultrie, April 12; Coosa Valley, April 20, 21; Swains-
of graduates-trained technicians and boro, May 3; Upson, March 30; Thom-
skilled workers in the crafts, service as, April 13 , Valdosta, April 14; Way-
and health occupations and office jobs. cross, May 4.
Page 11
Standards to be Applied ... rconrinued from rage I )
a special February meeting are basically unchanged from the pilot Standards applied to schools last year, according to Clyde Pearce, Jr., Standards coordinator.
"The main difference is that they are greatly strengthened in the area of curriculum," he said.
The standard pertaining to athletic competition on school nights was eliminated from the final document. The
State Board of Education has asked the Georgia High School Association to develop a schedule of games which must be played on school nights, and to furnish justification for each such game before it is played. Prohibition of athletic practices during the regular school day is a "Required" item , and elimination of competition among elementary schools is "Desirable."
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"A1Q SU0 1~1~81nbOV
BULK RATE U. S. Postage
PAID
Atlanta, Georgia Permit Number 168
Johnson Proposes $10.5 Million for Educational Television
President Johnson's proposals for education, presented to the 90th Congress February 28 , include amendments to federal programs in elementary, secondary and higher education and a vast increase in funds for educational television.
The "Public Television Act of 1967" which the President proposes would provide $10.5 million in federal money in fiscal 1968 for construction of TV and radio facilities, create a "Corporation for Public Television" authorized to provide support for noncommercial TV and radio, and provide $9 million in fiscal 1968 as initial funding for the Corporation.
Johnson's other proposals in the area of education would affect the National Teacher Corps (it would be expanded, become a part of Title I of ESEA and extend through 1970, with appropriation of $15.5 million
for fiscal 1967 to finance next summer's training program); comprehensive educational planning ($15 million in funds would begin a five-year program of state grants to provide "comprehensive, systematic, and continuous planning, and for evaluation of education at all levels"); vocational education innovations ($30 million for a program of grants similar to those under Title III of ESEA, for vocational education projects focusing on innovation; handicapped children (various programs expanding services for children with all types of handicaps, including regional diagnostic centers, new recruitment and information programs for specialized personnel, and expanded media programs); Higher Education Act of 1965, NDEA of 1958, and National Vocational Student Loan Insurance Act of 19.65 (extend each for five years); Education
Professions Development Act (to help education with its "acute staffing problems"); ESEA (miscellaneous amendments) .
***
Senator Gaylord Nelson (D.-Wise.) says he intends to introduce legislation in the 90th Congress to establish a National Teacher Aide Program. "Here in the Congress we receive continual complaints about the way teachers are wasted during a time of critical teacher shortage. They are forced to spend from one-fourth to one-half their time doing chores which do not require their degree of professional training and experience, said Nelson. The selection of teacher aides and assignment of duties to them would be done locally, according to the Senator, who feels strongly that public schools are basically a state and local
responsibilit~.
Page 12
DOCUMENT NO( S )
UNAVAILABLE FOR BINDING
... A Look at Education's Role Today
May, f967
ON BOARD ...
Carroll County Appeal Denied
The State Board of Education at its April meeting denied an appeal from a group of Carroll County citizens vs. the Carroll County Board of Education. The appellants sought to have the State Board rule that the county board had acted illegally in holding a called meeting at which a plan of consolidation for the county's schools was adopted.
Immediately following the ruling the attorney for the appellants, C. C. Perkins, served notice on the State Board that under the Georgia Administrative Act he was filing a request notice for reconsideration of the Board's action. Judge Robert B. Tysinger represented the Carroll County Board. Perkins represented the Mt. Zion appellants and Rep. Tom Murphy of Bremen appeared for the Temple appellants.
***
In other action the Board:
Accepted the resignation of Assistant Superintendent of Schools H. Oliver Welch; recognized new heads of Departments of the Georgia Education Association; watched the ceremony in which State Board Chairman James S. Peters was presented an honorary life membership in the Georgia School Food Service Association; referred to the Instruction Committee a Senate resolution asking that the State Board and the Superintendent of Schools include in Georgia schools' curriculum the teaching of the contributions of the Negro in American history; approved a Senate resolution honoring the late Superintendent of Schools, Dr. M. D. ICollins, and passed a similar resoluti1n of its own; auth-
Continued oh' page 3
'Pay As You Go Plan' Adopted for Title II
Local school systems will share a $15 8,000 supplementary allotment under Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, according to Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix.
The additional funds, said Superintendent Nix, bring Georgia's total allotment under Title II to $2,205,186. The program finances the purchase of books and other materials for school libraries.
The State Board of Education at its April meeting adopted an amended plan for administering Title II, which will make it possible for systems to "pay as they go," said Title II Coordinator Joe Edwards of the State Department of Education.
Mr. Edwards explained the new plan this way: "A system with an allotment of $10,000, for example, would receive an advance of 60%, or $6,000, as soon as projects totaling $10,000 are approved by the coordinator's office. Additional funds will not be sent to the system until orders are placed, materials received and proper forms and invoices totaling $6,000 reach the state office. If an acceptable project request for reimbursem*nt in the amount of $2,000 is made at a later date, this amount will be drawn from the allotment balance of $4,000. Future acceptable requests for reimbursem*nt would be drawn from the system's balance until the entire allotment is exhausted." 'Title II fimds are allotted 40 % on per child enrollment and 60 % on need," Mr. Edwards said. The supplementary allotment is drawn from three sources: A slight increase in Georgia's actual allotment over the tentative allotment of $2, 171 ,636 ; a portion of regular emergency funds (3% to take care of fires, floods, etc.) set aside by law; and funds from some school systems which are not eligible because of non-compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The 166 eligible local systems have been notified they are to submit projects by May 1 to encumber the supplementary funds. Georgia's Title II plan provides for spending 75% of the allotment on library books, 12Yz% on textbooks and 12Yz % on other materials. A local system which wishes to deviate from the plan st con ac e s
tor or his assistants, Arnol BJI~JsE~J'N'br'ffl efS{\S.It\an
W. 0. Cloud in South Ge rgia. Last year, local syste
spent 93% of the State's itle II ~s~ IAifl'y book .
li BRA RIES
INSIDE
EDUCATION
Georgia's On the
Way Up
with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
Georgia's financial support of its educational program is among the highest in the nation, reports "Rankings of the States, 1966-67," annual statistical bulletin of the National Education Association.
Only six states in the nation spend a larger percentage of state revenue for education than does Georgia, which spends 58.8 % . Delaware spends most, 76.8 % , and Nebraska least, 5.4 % . The national average is 39.9 % .
These and other facts are compiled in the latest edition of NEA's research report. Here is how Georgia looks compared with other states in some other areas of education: Estimated school-age population- 1,208,000
(13th in the nation) Percent of population that is urban- 56.4
(35th) Public school enrollment- 1,076,183 (12th) . Percentage of school-age population enrolled
in school- 89.1 (11th) Average daily attendance- 985,346 (12th) Percent of enrollment participating in school
lunch program- 58.2 (4th) Pupils per classroom teacher- 27.8 (46th) Estimated average salaries of all classroom
teachers- $5,895 (36th) Percent increase in estimated average salaries
of instructional staff over ten-year period 78.7 (8th) Median educational level of population - 9 (42nd) Dropout rate (percentage of ninth graders in 1962-63 who did not graduate in 1966)-65.1 (45th)
Percent increase in number of high school graduates- 43.2 (12th)
Percent of Selective Service draftees failing preinduction mental tests- 41.9 (49th)
Per capita personal income- $2,159 (41st) Percent increase in per capita personal income
over ten-year period- 57.0 (9th) Percent of households with incomes under
$2,500 in 1965-23.3 (34th) Per capita state expenditures for all education
- $79.39 (23rd) Direct expenditures of state and local govern-
ments for all education in 1964-65 as percent
Page2
of personal income in 1965-5.2 (37th) Estimated current expenditure for public ele-
mentary and secondary schools per pupil $430 (41st) Percent increase in expenditures per pupil in ADA over a ten-year period- 109.8 (8th) The statistics show that in many areas of its educational program Georgia is making rapid strides - teacher salaries and expenditures per child have shown a growth rate that is eighth in the nation in the past ten years. The dropout rate, a long-time problem, is lessening slightly, even though the state's rank has fallen. In 1965, Georgia ranked 43rd, but with a retention rate of 62.3 % . This year's retention rate is 65.1% -an improvement which does not show up when the tables are reviewed strictly by state ranking. During the past five years the number of high school graduates in the state has increased by 43.2 %, a growth rate that is 12th in the nation. Our per capita income is growing rapidly, but we still have numerous families in the poverty range. The figures in these statistical tables have implications for Georgia education which far outreach their surface impact. Georgia is moving rapidly toward a quality education program for all its citizens - but so are other states. There is no time to look back at our successes or to sit still and comfort ourselves with the progress we have made thus far. True, by next fall the Georgia teacher salary will be up to the present national average. But the national average will be growing all the while. Our dropout problem is improving somewhat, but so it is in the rest of the nation. We in Georgia must realize that we are a part of a whole. The child we educate in a Georgia school may end up going to college in California, working and living in Massachusetts. We must educate young Georgians to be citizens of the world, not just of their home state. Our progress must continue. We must strive to move up in the "Rankings of the States," to the national average and beyond. We must think new. We must think big. And we must think ahead. The future of education is the future of Georgia and the nation.
ON BOARD ...
Budget for ETV Construction Gets Okay
Continued from page 1
orized the State Superintendent to notify the Muscogee County Board of Education that the State Board recommends acceptance of the low bid for the computer at the Columbus Area Vocational Technical School, but that, if the Muscogee Board desires to accept the high bid, State funds in the amount of the low bid may be supplemented by local funds; approved a recommendation of the Finance Committee that federal vocational funds not be reserved for construction of the Ben Hill- Irwin Area Vocational Technical School, inasmuch as Ben Hill County is not eligible for receipt of federal funds because of non-compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964; authorized air conditioning for the auditorium at the Ft. Valley Youth Camp; ruled that no further new leases be approved unless accompanied by written recommendation of the State Superintendent and recommended in advance by the Finance Committee; granted Educational Television Services permission to seek reproduction rights to certain copyrighted materials; granted ETV permission to contract for final interconnection of WETV, Atlanta, with the state ETV network; approved a revised budget for use of State School Building Authority funds for construction and equipment of educational television facilities at Cochran, Wrens, Atlanta, Pelham, Dawson and Chatsworth; approved a transfer of funds from ETV Project No. 221TV to Project No. 223-TV; authorized reimbursem*nt to J. W. Sykes for 14 trees removed from his property to protect wires at ETV Station WDCO in Cochran; authorized ETV to contract for the series, "Roundabout"; authorized execution of a contract with Georgia Power Co. for power for ETV Station WCLP; approved revisions in State School Building Authority Bud-
Coordinators of the Title 1 program in Georgia are from left, seated, C. F. M cCollum , Consultant; R. C. Beeman , Director; Area Consultant Sam S. Jossey. Standing, Area Consultants Daughtry L. Thoms, Sr., J. L. Cain, Clarence H . Huff, John E . Robinson.
Educators Give Title I High Marks In First Nationwide Evaluation
A massive program of federal educational aid to children in poverty areas received high marks in its first nationwide test, the U. S. Office of Education reports to Congress.
U. S. Commissioner of Education Harold Howe II submitted a summary of state reports on the first year of operation of the compensatory education program under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. He described the billion-dollar educational effort under Title I of the Act as "historical and successful . . . despite some first-year growing paios."
Howe predicted that problems uncovered by the survey soon would be overcome.
The report to Senator Lister Hill, Chairman of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, and Congressman Carl D. Perkins, Chairman of the House Education and Labor Committee, was based on the first national evaluation by the states themselves of
gets for Vidalia and Hawkinsville cities and Cherokee, Whitfield, Crisp, Cobb, Madison and Macon counties; voted to request the Walton County Board of Education to meet with the State Board in May to show cause why the State Board should not require the Walton Board to put the new elementary school at Monroe into service in the fall of 1967; approved amendments to the State Plan for Title II; approved a Finance Committee recom-
Continued on page 7
some 22,000 local educational projects. The Office of Education summarized reports from all 50 states, three U. S. territories and the District of Columbia. The survey showed that:
Programs in 17,481 local school districts helped 8.3 million children.
200,000 new full and part-time teacher positions were created. .
180,000 subprofessionals, teacher aides and other personnel were employed full or part-time.
Average expenditures per pupil amount to $119, a significant increase in total pupil expenditures in many areas.
Reports from the states were "almost unanimously enthusiastic about effects of the Title I projects," Howe said. Some states referred to the "revolutionary" impact of new ideas, new directions and new programs on their educational systems.
The states mad~ two major recommendations for improved operation of Title 1:
Earlier and longer-term funding of the program by the Congress to coincide more closely with the school year rather than the fiscal year, so as to give local school districts and the states more time to plan programs.
Development of guidelines and regulations by the Office of Education prior to the start of each fiscal year, again to help states and local districts improve planning.
Page 3
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By Candy Hamilton "The sky is the limit! There is latitude to be creative with counseling, to try new ideas. Anyone who makes an effort to succeed here, does succeed," Mrs. Mary Ward Allen, Counselor at the Fairlie Street Manpower Development and Training Center, spoke enthusiastically about her part in changing the under-employed and the unemployed into well-trained men and women with a contribution to make to society. Business education teacher Freida Yeiter spoke in a low voice with unabashed pride in her students' progress. "The students who come here want to learn and take a real interest in their work. They don't take being trained for granted. After four months of stenographic training, all of them can take dictation and transcribe at 60 words a minute and many of them are going at 80 wpm." "The first year of MDT in Atlanta, we placed only 34 per cent of our students. The next year 78 per cent of the students were placed as office workers all over Atlanta. Now we've added licensed practical nurse training and in cooperation with the Atlanta Bar and Restaurant Association, we are offering an eight-week course in Food Service and Preparation." Willie Southern, Supervisor of the Fairlie Street Center, talked about his center as if he were considering each individual there, not just a big machine. The enthusiasm and pride at this MDT Center is not one-sided . The students reflect the same attitude. Valeria Williams, a business education student, said, "The teachers here will go into detail and stick with you until you learn. A lot of us cut classes in high school. We'd just go stand on the
at Fairlie MDT Center
street corners downtown. But students here don't do that. We'd rather be here; it's fun and we're learning. I've told all my friends about it. I learned about it from my sister who went to one of the other centers."
Three Years Old
Manpower Development and Training came to Atlanta in 1964. The Labor Department and Youth Opportunity Center tested and selected students and sent them to MDT to train as office workers. Since that year, the program has become more flexible. Now all business students begin with a general office course and after four weeks are tested. The top of the class become stenography students, the others typists, bookkeepers and general file clerks. Thirty-four out of the 100 who began the course in October were in the top section after the general in struction .
Not all students who begin the training finish . Of the 147 who began study in October 1966, 104 were still in classes in April. Various reasons cause the drop outs - pregnancies, draft calls, lack of money, transportation problems and family conflicts.
"Attitudes change; you can see it in their dress and personality. I feel it would be embarrassing to be told in front of anyone about a hygiene or dress problem, so if one of my students has such a problem, I leave her a note. The most important thing for these students is to increase their selfconfidence and assurance. I often use myself as an example so they will know that they are not alone in their lack of assurance. We can't afford to let them down at any time. In classwork, I try to have them work for a higher-than-average standard, and then when they go into an office they are more adequately prepared."
Learn World of Work
Field trips to large companies for a demonstration of a typical work day, to the Health Department and beauty schools help broaden the students' awareness of what the business world holds. Successful graduates often return to tell current students of their experiences and what they have found helpful in holding their jobs.
Mrs. Allen, an attractive, beautifully
The MDTA concerns itself with the whole student. Not only are educational levels raised the equivalent of a year-and-a-half to two years in 10 0 1 12 months, but the students receive group and individual counseling in hygiene, grooming, etiquette, dress, charm and health. Counselors and teachers make certain that needed dental work, vision impairment, other health problems, psychiatric and child care problems have been corrected before a student leaves to take a new job.
Miss Yeiter, a pretty young woman with green eyes and blonde hair, said,
Mrs. Mary Ward Allen, School Counselor, left, gives Juanita Moore some tips on her upcoming job interview.
Page 4
groomed woman, spoke of these graduates: "I can't remember all 200 or so names, but I see girls who went to school here as they come out of their office buildings. They are dressed properly, even to short white gloves, and they are coming from their jobs as secretaries, bookkeepers, or typists in well-known offices. I know that a year ago, if they were employed, they were domestic workers with little hope for anything better."
Mrs. Allen continued, "Many times when a married woman comes here to improve herself, her husband will feel his superiority threatened and can cause problems. But more and more, the husband follows his wife to one of our centers where he can learn skills .as a mechanic, machine tool operator, welder, bricklayer or radio and TV repairman."
Students in business education at Fairlie Street actually do office work while they are in training. They are not merely told how to type a stencil and run it off, for instance; they have all the equipment to do the work, and they go through all the operations. In typing and stenography classes, each students has her own late model electric typewriter. Students use the latest in all business machines such as mimeograph, duplicating and adding machines. Miss Yeiter holds student-conducted panel discussions about office problems so students can discover their own answers to office situations.
Supervisor Willie Southern of the MDT Fairlie Street Center goes over student progress charts with teacher Bobbie Moon, center, and Mattie Dirney.
After 80 per cent of the course work is completed, counselors and teachers begin to put out feelers to locate jobs for the students. Last year a teacher who started with 24 students in a particular class had seven in her last sessions; the rest were already out working. For some, this is the first job, oth~rs who were under-employed before training, now have jobs that provide a challenge and hope for future advancement. The centers maintain a close relationship with state, federal and city personnel and contact large firms which have hired their graduates before.
There is no recruitment program for signing up students. Anyone interested can contact the Georgia Department of Labor and be assigned to a center when classes begin. Students are paid a minimum of $22.50 a week for transportation and living expenses. Depending on the family role a student plays, his allowance ranges between $20 and $30, but one has gone as high as $90. The Labor Department sets the amount. A student says, "Some people think we come only for the money. But that just isn't so. The allowances don't amount to that much. I work as a practical nurse for my expenses."
Ages, Education Vary
Some students have had as much as a year or two of college, others as little as four years in grammar school, Mr. Southern reports. Most students are between 16 and 21, but ages vary greatly, even to a 68-year-old lady taking the food service and preparation course. The average grade level is 7th or 8th. Through tests students are usually set at 6th grade level and go from there.
Miss Yeiter has taught in MDT centers in Michigan and Washington State, and when she came to Atlanta, she looked for the MDT Center because she feels this is the most gratifying area in which to be teaching. She has her students for longer periods of time -close to a year, not just a quarter. Another teacher agreed that the program is well-administered from his standpoint. Facilities are more than
Business Education Teacher Freida Yeiter, left, points out some typing rules to Lee Mulrooney, seated, and Latrysha Moore, students at the Fairlie Street Center.
adequate, materials and machines are the latest. Salaries are high and the teaching situation nearly ideal, the teachers say. Teachers usually teach six hours a day and have two free hours. They have more time for preparation, and the students feel this. One student told me, "They try to please you and do what's best."
L. E. Nichols is Supervisor, Manpower Development and Training Programs for the State Department of Education, supervising centers similar to the one at Fairlie Street throughout the state. Among the 18 locations of centers are Athens, Dublin, Brunswick, Waycross and Columbus. Through Mr. Nichols' office such details as teacher training, program development, equipment and basic education are coordinated. The State Department of Labor locates the job needs and screens the applicants through the State Employment Agency. Through these coordinated efforts the State Department of Labor and Education, along with administration and funds from the federal and local levels, more than 8,000 people have received Manpower Training since its inception in Georgia.
Page 5
on Education
Georgia's educational television pro-
gramming is reaching half a million
public school student viewers this term.
A survey of 15 8 Georgia school sys-
tems indicates 435 ,292 students are
watching the eight channels in the
state's network. Most popular pro-
grams are Sing and Play, Speaking of
Science, Time for Numbers.
A new program of loans for voca-
tional stu~ents , similar to one al-
ready in effect for college students, is
being put into operation by the U. S. Office of Education. The new program was authorized by the National Vocational Student Loan Insurance Act of of 1965. An eligible student in good
N eed Help ? Directors of District Services for th e Georgia State D epartment of Education act as liaison between th e D epartment and local school systems. Seated, left to right, are George Ne lms, ninth districtw Dr. H . S. Sh earouse , State Director, District Services; John Mize, sixth district; Fred Blackm on , tenth district . Stan ding, left to right, A I H agan, fifth; H enry Kemp , seventh; C. T . Battle, third; M onroe Atkinson, eighth; Sidn ey Jenkin s, first; H enry R ehberg,
second; R . G. Williams, fourth.
standing may obtain his own loan, and the Federal Government will pay interest charges up to six percent while he is in school and three percent after he has completed his course.
to send them. The six women, all enthusiastic about the idea, plan to make the sum a "revolving fund. " They will replace it when they get jobs, enabling others to take advantage of the same
High School in Atlanta, is one of the first winners of the American Chemical Society's James Bryant Conant Award in High School Chemistry Teaching. The awards, $1,000 cash and
Beginning this year, the National opportunity.
a certificate, were established in 1965
Education Association sponsors a cen-
Tennesseans as well as North Geor- by E. I. duPont de Nemours and Co.,
tral computerized education staffing gians are benefitting from the new Inc. , "to recognize, encourage and stim-
service for all elementary and second- television installation, WCLP- TV , ulate outstanding teachers of high
ary teachers and counselors. Called which began programming in the school chemistry in the U.S. , its posses-
NEA *SEARCH, it is a new nation- Chatsworth area recently. Mouzon sions and territories." It is presented to
wide clearinghouse to get together Peters, education columnist in the six teachers annually. Julian Halligan,
teachers looking for jobs and super- Chattanooga Post, praised Georgia president of the Georgia School Boards
intendents desiring to fill vacancies.
ETV in a column surveying daytime Association, has been named to the
Six unemployed, unskilled women and evening programming offered by NSBA constitution and by-laws com-
are taking an industrial power sewing the new channel. ". . . Information, mittee for 1967. Mrs. Lois Titus of
course at Hoke Smith Technical entertainment, and remember, no com- the New York State Department of
School. Their neighbors, advisory mercials!" said Peters.
Education, School Food Service Unit,
committee members for Economic Op-
Harry C. Taylor of Austell, chair- visted Georgia's School Food Service
portunity Atlanta, Inc.'s, Price Neigh- man of the science department and Unit in April. H. F. Hays, Assistant
borhood Service Center, raised $250 teacher of chemistry at North Fulton State Director of Vocational Education
for the Louisiana State Department of
Teacher Listing Service Offered
Project Contact, a new plan of the ment and Special Programs, has mailed
Teacher Certification and Education Division of the Department of Education , will attempt to get together teach-
survey cards to system superintendents in the state asking that they list vacancies and similar cards to teacher train-
ers wanting jobs and superintendents ing institutions throughout the Southwho have faculty vacancies. The list- east asking that June graduates inter-
ing service will serve out-of-state teachers who want to come to Georgia and those who want to relocate within the
ested in teaching in Georgia list their qualifications. Cards have been returned already from the Philippines,
Education, has been named new director of the South Georgia Technical and Vocational School at Americus. He assumed his duties April 17, succeeding the late H. P. Odom. State Board member Henry Stewart of Cedartown spoke on Georgia's Shared Services projects at the meeting of the National School Boards Association last month in Portland, Ore. Mrs.
state or return to the profession.
England and such U. S. states as Colo- Ralph Hobbs of Columbus and Wil
Ray Cleere, Coordinator of Recruit- rado, Ohio, Maine and Nebraska.
liam Preston of Monroe also attended.
Page 6
HEADLINERS
The Appalachian Regional Commission has approved a $160,000 grant for construction of a vocational education building at Dalton High School. Local sources will provide the remaining $40,000 of construction costs. Georgia's total allocation for fiscal 1967 under the Appalachian Act is $17,285 ,740.
At least one Georgia school in each Congressional District is participating in the School Partnership Program of the Peace Corps. Mell Traylor, senior at Savannah High School and vice president of the Georgia Association of Student Councils, is supervising fundraising to build 11 schools in foreign
countries, each project costing $1 ,000. Additional Georgia participation in the program is invited. The effort has the support of both Gov. Lester Maddox and School Superintendent Jack P. Nix.
The U. S. Public Health Service is conducting a massive, nationwide effort to "Eradicate Measles in 1967." Schools throughout the country are being asked to cooperate in the program. Georgia Superintendent Jack P. Nix joins U . S. Commissioner of Education Harold Howe II in asking that Georgia schools work with local health departments and medical societies in developing immunization programs and assisting in measles surveillance activities in their communities.
Dr. Mobley Dies; Native Georgian
Dr. Mayor Dennis Mobley, former Executive Secretary of the American Vocational Association and State Director of Georgia's Vocational Education program, died April 7 in Washington, D. C.
Dr. Mobley began as a teacher of vocational agriculture in Georgia, later served as assistant state supervisor of vocational education He was State Director of Vocational Education from 193 6 to 1950 and president of AVA in 1944-46. He went to Washington in 1951 to become executive secretary of AVA. Progressive Farmer named him Man of the Year in Agriculture in 1941.
ON BOARD: Approves New Shared Services Projects
Continued from page 3
mendation that school systems operating under deficit financing be expected to submit quarterly reports on financial operations on forms to be supplied by the Financial Review Service of the State Department of Education; approved transportation allotments for the 1966-67 school year; authorized an increase in the budget for Systems and Data Processing in the amount of $15,000 to provide for professional programming service to expedite handling budgets for the Division of Vocational Education; approved a proposal for use of special allotments from Appalachia fun~s in the amount of $152,280 to match NDEA, Title III funds for school systems in the Appalachia area; approved policies for administration and budgets fo.r Shared Services projects in the First, Third, Sixth, Eighth and Ninth Districts; authorized the Fulton County Board of Education to account for Title II funds within the framework of their present accounting system; approved leases for office space for vocational rehabilitation; authorized continuation of summer elementary library programs in Bibb, Bulloch, Chatham,
Clarke, Colquitt, Coweta, Dougherty, Floyd, Fulton, Gilmer, Glynn, GriffinSpalding, Habersham, Henry, Muscogee, Stephens, Turner, Walker and Whitfield counties and Waycross and Marietta cities; revised school bus specifications to substitute National School Bus Frame Specifications for present requirements; requested the staff of the Transportation Unit to study the legality and feasibility of central purchasing of school bus equipment; authorized Vocational Education Services to use $5,000 of work-study funds appropriated to the two state vocational schools to match federal funds for the work-study program during the summer of 1967; authorized use of up to $50,000 of federal vocational funds for construction of an addition to the Moultrie Area Vocational Technical School; approved a Finance Committee recommendation that local systems be allowed until June 15, 1967, to file budgets for the 1967-68 school year; approved teacher education programs at Atlanta University as requested; approved an effective date of July 1, 1967, for issuance of certificates based on the Board's action of March 15, 1967; accepted final "early adoption" textbook materials; accepted
interpretations of the Section 12 report approved by the Board on Feb. 15 as the official interpretation of the Board; adopted revised "Policies for the Establishment of Area Vocational High Schools; recommended establishment of an area vocational program at the Atlanta Day Care Center; approved appointment of an advisory committee to assist with the administration of Title VI, ESEA; adopted the Revised State Plan for the Adult Basic Education Program and authorized the Superintendent to submit the plan to the U. S. Office of Education; designated the following four area vocational high schools, contingent upon availability of funds under the Appalachian program: Habersham County High, Chattooga County High, Douglas County High, Crisp County High; approved recommendations of Superintendent Nix as follows: architects for three construction projects at state schools; proposed planning for continuation of the Atlanta Employment Evaluation Center for two years; proposed planning for a pre-release center at Alto in cooperation with the State Corrections Department.
Next committee meetings: May 10 Next Board meeting: May 17
Page 7
Honors Program Names 400 to Attend .Summer Session at Wesleyan
Four hundred gifted students from 93 school systems over the state have been selected to attend the Fourth Annual Governor's Honors Program at Wesleyan College June 13- Aug. 3.
Established under the 1964 Minimum Foundation Program of Educa-
tion Law, the eight-week, tuition-free summer session is designed to offer academically and artistically talented students a chance to participate in educational experiences not usually available during the regular school year. Students who will enter the II th and
12th grades in the fall are nominated by their teachers in a particular field. From the 2,600 nominees this year, candidates were selected by tests and final evaluation by a statewide committee.
Acqu ist ltions Div. University o~ Ga . Libraries
University of Georgia Athens~ Ga. 30601
BULK RATE U. S. Postage
PAID
Atlanta, Georgia Permit Number 16R
LUNCH LINES: Hidden IncoJne, Centralized Purchasing Aid Budget
Catch-up classes in Training in Depth will be offered at Morris Brown College June II and Georgia College at Milledgeville June 18 . . .
Schools operating summer food service programs must have applications on file for the new fiscal year beginning July I. Application and agreement forms will be mailed to superintendents May I for completion and return to the State Office by June 15 . . .
President Johnson's proposed budget includes only enough funds to maintain th~ present level of support for school food service. Yet food costs are up 40 %, labor ' costs have skyrocketed, and donated foods have been scarce. The American School Food Service Association will ask Congress for additional support for school lunch. Miss Josephine Martin, Chief Consultant, School Food Service, State Department of Education, encourages
local managers and superintendents to write their Congressmen to ask for more support . . .
In making plans for next year, lunchroom managers should look for hidden income. Do all adults pay at least I 0 cents more than pupils? Is all adult income collected? Does school take advantage of discounts by early payment? ...
Another way to economize is centralized purchasing in quantities by sealed bid. Deliveries may be made to the individual school as needed, but all participating schools get the advantage of quantity prices. School Food Services will help interested systems with centralized purchasing. A guide is available and a course, Basic Purchasing, will be taught at Morris Brown June 12 to June 16 ...
Plentiful foods for May: eggs, orange juice, beef, potatoes .. . Section 32 and 416 commodities on hand may be
used as needed for summer programs. Starred items may be reordered as needed through the summer: shortening*, peanut butter, raisins*, dry beans *, canned honey, orange juice*, butter, cheese, cornmeal*, flour*, rolled wheat* , corn grits* , rice*, dry milk*, bulgar*, rolled oats* . . .
Lunch count must be accurate. Federal reimbursem*nt is paid on the basis of number of meals served pupils and number of half-pints milk served. Regulations require an accurate daily count of paid and free lunches, a daily record of lunches served adults and the amount of milk served adults . . .
It Can Be Done! High school lunchroom managers in a system that pays $1.40 minimum wage and holds pupil sale price to 35 cents boast of a "financially balanced program." They say "the credit goes to our coordinator. She doesn't let us purchase foods that would put us in the red."
Page 8
/J
I c. 7
~
.. .A Look at Education's Role Today
ON BOARD ...
Section 12
Policies Set
Certification and salary policies for Section 12 personnel were set by the State Board of Education at its May meeting.
The action by the Board was upon recommendation of Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix, who presented the salary and certification schedule. (See "Inside Education," page 2.)
In other action the Board: R escinded its action of Feb. 19, 1965, adopting a resolution setting a minimum "pupil-teacher ratio"; authorized the Seminole County Board of Edcation to use a balance of $16,112.33 held to its credit by the State School Building Authority in the construction of additional classroom space at the Donalsonville Elementary School; approved two leases of space and accepted an increase in annual rent for space for units of vocational education and vocational rehabilitation; approved revised policies, rules and regulations for the administration of state and federal aid for public libraries as recommended by the staff of Public Library Services; authorized the Board Chairman and Superintendent to execute a contract with Dudley Construction Co. for transportation of surplus properties for the State Agency for Surplus Property at rates approved by the Public Service Commission; authorized the Superintendent to discuss proposals for future administration of the high school at Boys' Industrial Institute, Alto, with officials of the Department of Corrections; revised its definition of a multihandicapped child as included in Policies of the State Board; authorized the Superintendent to execute a contract with the low bidder for moving the Library Extension Service from 92
(Continued on page 3)
I
Spea kers at open in gs of three new ET V net work stations are th e edu cators to whom th ey are dedicated, 1-r, D r. A /len C. SmHh , R obert B. W rifih l, Lonnie B . Swea t.
ETV Dedicates Four New Network Stations
Educational Television Services' dedication of four new
station s in the Georgia network in May must have set a
record , says Network Director Lee Franks.
WACS-TV in Dawson was dedicated May 2; WABW-
TV in Pelh am, May 3; WXGA-TV in Waycross, May 4;
and WCLP-TV in Chatsworth , May 25. The new stations
are named for and dedicated to Associate State Superin-
tendent of Schools Dr. Allen C. Smith ; State Board of
Education member R obert B. Wright, Jr. ormer State
Boa~d 'member Lonnie Sweat; a
-
erintendent
of Schools Dr. Clau
' ote ~~Y-
The final link . n 1~M1~k , 'WDCO-TV I
will be dedicate this fall. . \ \~\
The network r ched ~ ~~ilestone in
eadquarters added equipme
makes it possible o origina~~al-~~Jf.l;;>,g.ll,ili)-s:;.;t
the network station can color,..odiiO-
G o vernor L ester M addox is dedication speaker for the ne w E TV station at Chatsworth . Second fr om th e G overnor's left is network Director L ee Frank s.
INSIDE
EDUCATION
Section 12 Expansion A Reality
with State School Superintendent Jack P. Nix
Soon after I became State Superintendent of Schools I listed 15 goals which I hoped Georgia education might achieve in the immediate future. One of those was expanded use of MFPE Section 12 personnel.
Recent action by the Georgia General Assembly and the State Board of Education makes this goal a reality.
During the last session of the Legislature restrictions on Section 12 were removed and the State Board of Education was authorized to establish other positions which could be included.
The State Board at its May meeting set certification requirements and a salary schedule for the categories of personnel now included in Section 12: principal; counselor; chief instructional services administrator; chief administrative services administrator; visiting teacher; director of curriculum; director of guidance; director of library services; subject specialist, including coordinator of program for exceptional children (not to exceed 1 per 40 teachers); assistant principal (minimum enrollment 750); school psychologist; school psychometrist.
The salary schedule provides that each of these personnel will be paid on the state teacher salary schedule except for the principal , visiting teacher and curriculum director , who will be paid on the state salary schedule for those positions. Minimum certification requirement for the positions vary as follows:
Principal:
A-4
Counselor:
SC-4
Librarian:
TLS (endorsem*nt)
Chief Instructional
Services Administrator: A-5 + 15 qtr. hrs. in supervision; or CD-5 + 15 qtr.
hours in administration
Chief Administrative
Services Administrator: A-5 (to qualify for this
position, system must have minimum ADA of 10,000)
Visiting Teacher:
VT-4
Director of Curriculum: Director of Guidance: Director of Library
Services:
Subject Specialist:
Assistant Principals:
CD-4
SC-5 + 15 qtr. hours in
supervision
T-5 in School Library Service
+ 15 qtr. hrs. in supervision T-5 in subject + 15 qtr. hrs.
in supervision
A-4 + three years teaching
experience
School PsychologisL:
SP-6
School Psychometrist: BPM-5
This expansion of the use of Section 12 personnel has great potential for strengthening education in Georgia, although there are many problems yet to be solved before we feel its full impact. I am appointing a committee to study and recommend other positions which should be included, and to devise certification requirements and salary schedules for the new positions.
The establishment of the position Chief Instructional Services Administrator will lead to the phasing out of the Director of Curriculum position as we have known it in the past. This should be interpreted as an expansion and further development of the Curriculum Director position, not as an elimination of this service. In fact , many Directors of Curriculum may well become Chief Instructional Services Administrators.
We can expect the implementation of this program to be slow, but it is a step in the right direction for all of us who want quality education for every child in Georgia.
Georgia Maps Title VI Strategy for Reaching Handicapped
Georgia has an estimated 130,000 handicapped children of school age. But less than one-fifth of them are in public school special education programs. A group of concerned citizens and educators met in Atlanta this month to plan strategy for using new federal legislation to help reach the other 109,000 children. The State
Advisory Committee for Title VI, ESEA, had its initial meeting with Dr. H. Titus Singletary, Jr., Associate State Superintendent for Instructional Services, and staff of the Division for Exceptional Children.
The Advisory Committee is to study the state's needs and assist the Division in making recommendations to the
State Board of Education for implementing Title VI in Georgia.
Dr. Mamie Jo Jones, Director of the Division for Exceptional Children, has been appointed to a 12-member National Advisory Committee on Handicapped Children sponsored by the U. S. Office of Education.
Page 2
Bibb County and Georgia education officials meet in Macon for dedication and open house at the New M aeon A rea Vocational-Technical School on Forsyth Street. Entrance to the school is in the background. Front row, left to right, are Fourth District State Board Member L. L. Jenkins of Decatur; lack P. Nix, State Superintendent of Schools, who was speaker for the dedication; lames S. Peters of Manchester, Sixth District Representative and Chairman of the State Board of Education; and David Rice, Fifth District Board Member of Atlanta; second row, left to right, S. L. Newberry, Assistant Superintendent of Bibb County Schools; W. M. Hicks, State Supervisor, Trade and Industrial Education; Raymonde Kelley, Director Vocational Education, Bibb County Schools; Herbert F. Birdsey, Chairman, Vocational Committee, Bibb County Board of Education; back row, left to right, Judge Mallory Atkinson, Member, Bibb County Board of Education; Ben Brewton, Director, Macon Area Vocational-Technical School; R. E. Bodenhamer, Associate State Director, Vocational Education, A rea School
Programs.
ON BOARD ...
New Shared Services Project Approved for Tenth District
(Continued from page 1)
Mitchell St., S.W., to the State Archives Building and thence to the new State Department of Education Annex; approved allotment of funds and personnel for a new shared services project in the Tenth District to include Washington, Jefferson, Hanco*ck and Warren Counties; authorized the Superintendent to notify the State Board of Regents that the State Board of Education would prefer not to have the the tower and transmitter of Educational Television Station Channel 8 moved from Monroe to the vicinity of Atlanta; heard a report by the Superintendent concerning a conference with representatives of teacher training institutions in the state, said conference having concluded with the representatives' recommitment to the Department's existing "Approved Program Approach"; heard a report by the Superintendent describing space rented by the Department and amount of rental fees; authorized the Superintendent to investigate the possibility of the Department's owning its own truck for transportation of surplus property, and to investigate the possibility of implementing Channel 57, ETV, and eliminating Draketown; approved ex-
pansion of area vocational-technical schools in Moultrie ancf in Richmond and Dougherty counties; approved grants under the Library Services and Construction Act for Elbert, Clayton, Vidalia-Toombs and Wilkes Counties, .Coastal Plains, Okefenokee and Albany Regional Libraries.
***
At its June session the Board: passed a resolution expressing appreciation for funds received for, the Library for the Blind; heard reports from the Superintendent of Schools on: (a) a meeting of the Senate Educational Matters Committee, (b) a proposal that directors of the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation Services and representatives of the Regional Office of HEW examine Georgia's vocational rehabilitation program, (c) a court restraining order providing that unspent school funds in the amount of $180,000 be held intact until a fa!I court...ruling on the legality of state financial support of the school lunch program; referred to the Finance and Instruction Committees a proposed revision of the Guide for School Plant Planning; approved revised travel regulations for Department personnel; approved a contract for a Pre-Vocational Training
Center in Macon; passed a resolution authorizing the Chairman and the Superintendent to sign leases with the Georgia Education Authority (Schools) for the Series 1967-A bond issue and a resolution handing over unencumbered Fiscal 1967 capital outlay funds to Morgan, Macon and Fayette Counties for finishing buildings already under construction; approved Georgia State College's program in counselor education at the sixth year level; recommended that no further categories be added under Section 12 personnel for 1967-68; accepted a staff-recommended salary scale for teachers of adult education; accepted the publication "You and the Law" for possible use in the public school program; approved a request that the Department be allowed to assume responsibility for the fiscal administration of a grant from the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities to the Georgia Art Commission; approved a proposed partial reorganization of the Macon Area Vocational- Technical School; authorized the Division of Financial Services to pay allotments of funds for M & 0 to local systems in 12 payments for FY 1968 beginning in July; authorized ETV to file with FCC for a
(Continued on page 12)
Page 3
HEADLINERS
John Miller, Superintendent of Wilkinson County Schools, and other system officials and staff honored living former members of the Wilkinson County Board of Education at a special event May 18. . . . John Culver, Jr., has been named executive secretary of the Georgia Association of Broadcasters.... James F. Rudolph, teacher of English at Westminster Boys High School, and Thomas 0. Stair, Wesminster senior (graduate now), are Georgia's STAR Teacher and Student. .. . Thomas Latimer, 1966-67 president of the Georgia Industrial Arts Association and a teacher of Industrial Arts at LaGrange High School, has received the Outstanding Teacher Award of the American Industrial Arts Association.. . . Mrs. Eva Clair Brim, Principal of Broad Mulberry Elementary School in Albany, has received the Delta Kappa Gamma Psi State Achievement Award in recognition of her contributions to DKG .... Roger Tenney, music teacher from Owatonna, Minn. , is National Teacher of the Year. . .. Floyd Johnson of York , S. C., is new president of the American Vocational Association... . Mrs. Leroy A. Woodward, a member of the Atlanta City Board of Education, is the new
president of the Georgia Congress of Parents and Teachers.... J. L. Branch of Tifton has been named State Supervisor of Agricultural Education. . . . Dr. John Wimpey is new director of the Department's Division of Teacher Education and Certification. . .. Joe Andrews is new head of Teacher Scholarship and Recruitment. ... Jim Cherry, Superintendent of DeKalb County Schools, was honored by the DeKalb County Board of Education at a banquet May 30 on the occasion of his twentieth anniverasry as DeKalb Superintendent. ... Dr. Fred C. Davison has been named successor to Dr. 0. C. Aderhold as president of the University of Georgia effective July 1. ... It's Dr. Jack P. Nix now! Georgia's School Superintendent received honorary Doctor of Education Degrees from Piedmont College and John Marshall University during spring commencement exercises.... John W. Langdale of Valdosta succeeds James A. Dunlap as Chairman of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia. Dunlap asked to be relieved of the chairmanship but will remain on the Board. Langdale moves up from vice chairman.
'lTV Not Achieving Its Potential'
"Instructional television can be exciting and effective, but in many ways is has been a disappointment." So says Wilbur Schramm, Director of the Institute for Communications Research at Stanford University and author of a section of Ford Foundation's brief for the FCC on a proposed satellite television network.
Ten million elementary and secondary pupils in the United States now get part of their studies through lTV, 600,000 college students now have access to it, and hundreds of controlled experiments on lTV have now been finished.
Schramm concludes that: "Measured against the great problems of education, lTV's uses have so far tended to be rather insignificant. It has been used most often by the schools that needed it least-the innovative schools that already have an outstanding corps of teachers and are abreast of new developments in methods and matter. Despite generally encouraging research results-lTV usually does at least as well as ordinary classroom teachingthere have been more cases than we might expect when instructional television has not made the hoped-for impact in actual use," said Schramm.
Page 4
Pen Pals Educate, Entertain Selves
Youngsters in schools all over the United States are helping international relations as they educate and entertain themselves through correspondence with pen pals in other countries. World Pen Pals, an organization which promotes correspondence between students in the United States and foreign countries,is seeking students in ~he 1419 age group who wish to have pen pals.
The organization has hundreds of requests from young people in other parts of the world who want to correspond with U. S. students. World Pen Pals als.o has a teacher-to-teacher correspondence program. For more information, write Mrs. Virginia Stevens, Executive Secretary, World Pen Pals, World Affairs Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. 55455.
Preliminary Title 1 Funds $34 Million
Local school systems have been notified they will share $34,724,000 in interim, preliminary allocations for fiscal 1968 under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.
R. C. Beemon, Coordinator of Title 1, said, "Although there has been no Congressional Appropriation or Continuing Resolution, the U. S. Office of Education has provided a formula to be used for determining interim, preliminary amounts. The figure is not a definite one, but any later adjustment probably will be upward rather than downward."
Regular term project proposals are to be submitted to the appropriate Title I area consultant no later than Nov. 1, 1967. Summer projects and all amendments, other than technical amendments, must be submitted no later than..May 1, 1968.
Georgia Fifth in AVA
Georgia is fifth in the nation in American Vocational Association membership with 1,732 members.
Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix chats with Education Department employees
who were in Atlanta for a statewide, two-day trainin g session in Personnel Administration conducted by the Personnel Division of th e Department. From left are Mr . Nix , L ynn Petrie, Betty Garbutt , secretary to th e Superintendent; and Olean Griffith.
Conant Criticizes Inadequate Finances
Dr. James Bryant Conant has offered a new appraisal of public education in a report entitled "The Comprehensive High School: A Second Report to Interested Citizens." Conant's study was financed by the National Association of Secondary School Princijals and published by McGraw-Hill. The book strongly criticizes insufficient financial support of education . "Inadequate finances spell an unsatisfactory school," says Conant.
ROUNDUP OF FELLOWSHIPS AND INSTITUTES
Georgia State College will conduct a summer institute to improve and develop content, format and procedures for vocational and technical education public information programs. Funds are allocated under the Vocational Education Act of 1963. (H. E. Davis, Director, Georgia State College, Atlanta)
The University of Georgia will conduct an institute in developmental and remedial reading for 25 Georgia teachers of grades 1-8 Sept. 1967 -Aug., 1968. The graduate study may lead to a master's or similar degee, but. not to a doctorate. (Ira Aaron, Director, the University of Georgia, Athens)
An NDEA Summer Institute in Economics for 12th grade economics teachers is under way at Georgia State College June 12 -July 21. (Theodore
COMING UP...
Three National Seminars on Innovation in Education will be held July 323 in Hawaii, bringing together Title Ill personnel from the United States. Georgians attending will include three directors of local projects: Reid Gillis of Fulton County, Frederick Schlien of Savannah , and Ronald Midkiff of Rome.
The Southern Regional Education Board has scheduled its Legislative Work Conference for Aug. 27-29 and its annual Board meeting for Aug. 30 at The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.
C. Boyden, Director, Georgia State College, Atlanta)
A grant entitling qualified students to one year of graduate study in the School of Government, Business and International Affairs at George Washington Universtiy, Washington, D. C. , is offered by the Scottish Rite Fellowship. (F. C. Underwood, Jr., Chairman, 208 Bull St., Savannah)
The Office of Education has approved 42 Counseling and Guidance Institutes at 40 colleges and universities in 24 states. In Georgia, institutes will be held at Atlanta University (two) and the University of Georgia this summer and next fall. (Dr. Donald N. Bigelow, Director, Division of Educational Personnel Training, USOE)
Models for teacher training activities scheduled to start this fall in "FollowThrough" projects for Headstart children will be developed in 14 special institute programs for advanced study authorized under Title XI of NDEA. The University of Georgia in Athens has scheduled an eight-weeks summer institute followed by a series of Friday seminars to train 30 teachers. (USOE)
Washington Internships in Education, an experimental program to foster future leaders for American education, will be supported for the next three years with a $634,500 grant from the Ford Foundation. Promising young educators may spend a year in the nation's capital, observing and working in public and private agencies which help shape national education
policy. (Washington Internships in Education , 1925 K St ., N .W. , Washington , D. C. 20006).
Prospective Teacher Graduate Fellowships under the Higher Education Act of I 965 will be awarded in I 96768 to 806 graduate students planning to be teachers. (Prospective Teacher Fellowship Progra1n, Graduate Academic Programs Branch, Bureau of Higher Education, U. S. Office of Education , Washington, D. C. 20202).
Also under the Higher Education Act, Atlanta and Emory University will award 22 fellowships to train graduate students in library and information services during the coming academic year. (Atlanta University, Emory University).
Welfare Lists 50,000 Employable
According to a recent government analysis , less than 1% of the 7.3 million Americans on public welfare are employable. Explanation: 2.1 million are 65 or over; 700,000 are either blind or so severely handicapped that their work potential, if any, is extremely limited; 3.5 million are children whose parents cannot support them ; the million others are those parents , about 900,000 mothers and 150,000 fathers. Of the 150,000 fathers , 2h are incapacitated ; only 50,000 are capable of being given job skills and training that will make them self-sufficient.
Page 5
/14- ()~ See U4,,,
tices among school sy
I-
raising many questions
Should a state mat
work
school
Or perhaps directly with children in the classroom? Maybe he should write a curriculum guide?
The Regional Curriculum Project, of which Georgia is administering state and a member, is finding widely divergent approaches to curriculum administration among its member states. But the six participants- Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee voice no differences when it comes to defining the job to be done . Whatever the means, the end is the same: improvement of the local school program.
The Regional Curriculum Project is a six-state cooperative research project under Title V of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Its aim, according to Director Edward Brown, is to help State Departments of Education strengthen themselves in the consultant role.
But before the project can offer assistance along thi s line, the states themselves must know where they stand.
Thy Project's staff has just completed a survey of school personnel in the member states, seeking to determine how th e subject consultant perceives his role and how he performs it.
The survey consisted of in-depth interviews with 180 consultants, including 29 in Georgia , plus an attituue survey in which more than 14,000 local school personnel, from superintendents
Page 6
to teachers were asked what th ey thought about the State Department of Education and its services. R esults of the attitude survey are now on their way to the computer.
The four approaches to the job of curriculum consultant described above are samples of answers received in the interviews.
Philosophical Differences "There really are not so many different reasons behind the actions of State Departments of Education in the Southeast; rather there are basic philosophical differences which create differences in methods of operation," said Dr. Brown. "For example, in some states curriculum consultants and Department of Education curriculum guides specically outline just how a subject should be taught. In other states the consultants and the guides merely suggest various approaches to teaching a subject. As a result, the states' consultants perform their jobs differently, though they perceive their roles in the sa me way: to improve education," Dr. Brown explained. R esults of the recent survey have bee n compiled and are now being disseminated to the member states in workshops .
Next step is for the states to look at th emselves and the job thei r consultants are doing in the light of infor mation obtained through the survey.
"We hope then they will see changes th ey want to make in their operation, and that we will be able to help them. This, finally , is the purpose of the Regional Curriculum Project-to help Departments of Education look at themselves, to help them plan changes a11d evaluate those changes," said Dr. Brown.
The three-year Project's first concern is with the curriculum consultant at the state level. Later, similar studies
will be made of curriculum guides and new teaching media. In each case, the plan of action will be the same: survey the current status, work with the state in planning necessary changes, and evaluate effectiveness of the changes.
In looking at curriculum guides, the Project's survey will attempt to find out how the materials are developed and distributed and to what extent they are used. The study of teaching media , for which instruments are just now being developed at Project headquarters in Atlanta, will investigate how much the consultant knows about the new media and how he uses them.
Four Pilot Systems Four Georgi a school systems are among 24 selected in the region to serve as laboratory situations for the project. Each has an innovative program under way as a part of its participation. Forsyth County is engaged in a study of its langu age arts program in grades one through eight, with emphasis on developing pupil competencies in reading, writing, listening and speak ing. Griffin-Spaluing school district is developing a course of study in the humanities which will replace world history for some high school students. Team teaching is bei ng used as part of the experimental development. ln Wayne County, in-service training programs are being developed to improve arithmetic and mathematics teaching, with emphasis on new supplementary aids. Bibb County is collecting and analyzing. data on pupil perform ance and
related factors in an attempt to evaluate th e quality of instruction in the syste m .
"We are trying to learn everything we can about local school systems, particularly the four which are involved in the pilot programs," said Dr. Brown.
"Through these laboratory situations we will attempt to determine the cause factor of change. Why does one thing work and another not? Is it because the faculty is not innovation-minded? For some other reason? If we can answer these questions about the pilot systems , we will be able to answer simil ar questions for the entire region."
The Project's giant informationgathering effort is compiling a great amount of data. To put this information in perspective, a profile of education in each of the states is being prepared. Each will contain a detailed breakdown, by function, of the State Department of Education, plus available information on the state's demographic , economic, fiscal and school characteristics.
Out. of thi s body of information, the Project expects a number of researchable ideas to emerge-improved ways to do the job now being done by state departments and consultants, and possible additional roles or functi ons of state departments.
Each of the ideas will be exam ined by a committee of researchers and staff of cooperating state departments, then tried on an experimental basis if they are thought worthwhile. If adopted by one or more of the states, personnel will be trained to carry them out.
Workshops Slated Also being planned for this summer are a number of workshops at which state department personnel from the six states will consider changes taking place in education, study and discuss ways of improving their roles, and share ideas and experiences with each other. Although the R egional Curriculum Project is being conducted in six southeastern states, its scope is nationwide. According to Dr. Brown, "The states of the Southeast traditionally are considered stronger in their provision for consultative services than any other region. Therefore, as we find ways to improve the role already being performed by our departments here, we will be developing a model for study and emulation throughout the country."
The Proj ect grew out of an idea to obtain a Title V grant to study curriculum guides in six states. As the proposal took shape, however, it became obvious that curriculum guides were only a small part of the entire area of instructional services. The original proposal was redrawn to cover its present broad area.
Each of the states has a coordinator who is a member of his department of education staff. Georgia's is AI Berry. Staff in the R egional Office in Atlanta includes, besides Dr. Brown, Dr. Victor Johnson, Dr. Foster Watkins, Miss Ed ith Miller, David McCarthy and Mrs. Liz Carmichael Jones.
Members .of the Coordinating Committee for the six-state R egional Curriculum Project meet in the Atlanta central office. From left are Dr. Foster Watkins, Researcher; Edith Miller, Writer; Marshall Frinks, Florida Coordinator; Dr. Edward T. Brown, Director; A /bert Berry, Georgia Coordinator; Dr. V. B. Johnson, Assistant Director; David McCarthy, Writer; Jesse Coles, Squth Carolina Coordinator; Dr. Ph yllis Shutt, Tennessee Coordinator; Mary E vans, North Carolina Coordinator; Liz Carmichael Jones, Artist. N ot pictured is _Lee Boone, Alabama Coordinator.
****
ALERT THANKS STAFF OF THE REGIONAL CURRICULUM PROJECT FOR ASSJSTAN_CE IN PREPARING THIS ARTICLE.
Page 7
on Education
Georgia's June graduates numbered an estimated 53,905 according to statistics of the Department of Education Research and Statistical Services Division. Each graduate cost the state approximately $3, 102.12 during the 12 years he was in school. The per pupil expenditure has risen from $175.05 during the class' first grade year, 195556, to $398 in 1966-67. The state has invested $167,219,778.60 in the class during its school years, $18,738,587 more than in last year's graduates.
Of 264 graduates of North Georgia Technical and Vocational School last year, 87% reported they started to work within one day to two weeks after graduation.
The number of Americans enrolled in federally-supported vocational education programs has increased by 15% over last year, reports the U. S. Office of Education. During the 1965-66 school year, 6.2 million persons turned to these courses for job training; in 1964-65 the figure was 5.4 million.
The Disability Determination Unit, Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, Department of Education, reports an increase of 800 applications processed during the first eight months of the current fiscal year as compared with the same period last year. Of 12,422 applications processed this year, 7,041 were allowed disability benefits and 5,022 were denied. Last year 11,617 were processed, 6,397 allowed benefits and 4,936 denied.
Georgia's Area Vocational-Technical Schools have accepted 4,261 student applications for daytime enrollment this year, and 836 applications for evening enrollment. Largest increase in applications over last year was at Lanie.r Area Vo-Tech School.
A recent survey by the Georgia Education Association reveals that 106 (of 168 school systems which answered a questionnaire) pay teacher supplements above state base pay. The
Page 8
most, 25 systems, pay supplements amounting to from 10% to 40% of state pay. Supplements range from $100 or less to up to $2,500 for some coaches.
The Department of Education's School Plant Services Unit held its annual Maintenance and Custodial Statewide Workshops June 5-8 at Middle Georgia College and June 14-16 at Fort Valley State College. Service personnel from all over the state attended the sessions.
Response to TECHDAYS, held during May at the state's area vocationaltechnical schools, has been overwhelmingly favorable , reports Dr. Gene Bottoms, Associate Director of Vocational Education in Leaaership Services-Guidance. Students, faculty and industry representatives all termed the venture a success. More th an 600 companies sent representatives to the state's schools to interview graduating students for jobs. "We are enthusiastic about the curricula . . . and the high level of students. We hope you will include us in your plans for any similar Techday programs," wrote an official of Continental Moss-Gordin, Inc. , after Albany's Techdays. Retail Credit Co. was among others who sent complimentary letters.
Georgia had 71 winners of National Merit Scholarships this year. A total of 2,400 scholarships was awarded, valued at $8.6 million.
Georgia will have 37 adult basic education local coordinators and teachers attending institutes in their field this summer. Twenty-two persons will attend the institute for teachers of adults at Florida State University July 10-28; 15 local coordinators of Adult Basic Education Programs will attend an institute for administrators at the University of South Carolina July 24Aug. 4. The two institutes are being financed by USOE. Tentative federal allocation for ABE for 1967-68 is
$1,305,733 on a 90-10 basis. The money will be used to set up Adult Basic Education classes, for which there have been 1,100 requests to the Department's ABE unit.
Bachelor's degrees in education awarded during 1964-65 totaled 118,500-about one-fourth of all bachelor's degrees given during that year, according to a USOE survey.
New from the American Red Cross is a Programmed Course in Red Cross Home Nursing, available to interested high school students and adults for home or classroom study. Prepared by the American Red Cross Nursing Services and Basic Systems, Inc. , New York City, the course consists of six lessons, and may be supplemented with films. An instructor's manual and a student's manual are available from local Red Cross chapters, area offices or national headquarters. Those who complete the course will be awarded a Red Cross home nursing certificate by the local chapter.
Almost 97% of 5- to 17-year-olds in America are in school today, compared with 80 % at the turn of the century. The 97% figure represents the best record of any nation in the world .
AVA Washington Letter notes that President Johnson's education budget recommends no funds for the workstudy program provided for in the Vocational Education Act of 1963. The budget says this program would be "absorbed by the Neighborhood Youth Corps." Lowell A. Burkett, AVA executive director, urges interested persons to write their Congressmen and request restoration of funds for workstudy. "If the recommendations of the President prevail in this instance," said Burkett, "it will be a case of an administrative decision teplacing action taken by Congress."
LUNCH LINES: Commodity Outlook Bright for Fall, Says USDA
Summer school programs, summer reading programs and Head Start programs can use any of the following foods on hand in local lunchrooms:
Frozen orange juice, butter, cheese, flour , meal , dry beans, rice , dry milk, rolled wheat, shortening, raisins, peanut butter.
The USDA has requested that school systems use foods on hand before requesting additional foods by release.
Foods by release: A system which is near one of the 70 County Welfare Distribution Programs can release to local managers the following foods for summer programs including Head Start:
Flour, meal, rice, dry beans, rolled wheat, peanut butter, raisins, dry milk , shortening and grits. Canned chopped meat cannot be released to summer programs. Foods received through these welfare programs do not affect the donated food programs.
Schools have first priority on all donated foods.
***
USDA officials have announced that the outlook is bright for commodity foods for fall. Commodities will be available earlier this year than last, with shipping to begin in late July or mid-August of 205 million pounds of food worth $75 million. Foods to be shipped include frozen orange juice concentrate, frozen and canned meat, ch eese, butter and milk. In addition the usual range of foods on open allocation will be available, such as beans, bulgar, meal, flour, grits, oats, rice and shortening or lard.
The encouraging report from USDA is a result of the Department's concerted effort to help schools expand and improve their lunch service and encourage them to hold the current price line or reduce it if possible .
***
According to a report of the National Restaurant Association , an estimated 250,000 new food service workers will be needed each year for the next 10 years; 175,000 as replace-
As part of a program to improve and upgrade skills of school lunchroom personn el, the Department o f Education conducts Trainin g in D epth classes for lunchroom workers all o ver the state. Mrs. Annette Carlisle, in the picture above, teaches one of the first ad van ced classes to be offered in Purchasing. Classes were held at M orris Brown College for 26 students from all over th e state. Th ey were divided into t wo groups for th e 30-hour course, which ended June 16. Earlier classes were held in Statesb oro, th e first ones to be offered in Purchasing.
ments and 75 ,000 in jobs created by the expanding food service industry.
***
School food service employees are among the new workers covered by the amended Fair Labor Standards Act which was effective Feb . 1, 1967. On that date, the minimum wage was set at $1 per hour. It will be raised 15 cents per hour each year on Feb. 1 until it reaches a maximum of $1.60 per hour Feb. 1, 1971. Overtime pay at the rate of 1\12 times the employee's regular rate must be paid for more than 44 hours work per week; after
Poultry Federation Offers Career Help
The Georgia Poultry Federation, Inc., welcomes requests from students, teachers, counselors or others who are looking for information on career opportumties, scholarships and loan funds for young people interested in careers in the poultry industry. The industry offers ten jobs per graduate and accounts for 42 % of the farm income in Georgia, according to Abit Massey, an official of the Federation. His address is P. 0 . Box 763 , Gainesville, Ga.
42 hours Feb. I, 1968; after 40 hours Feb. I, I969. All school food service employees of local schools are covered with the following exceptions: persons who earn as much as $I 00 per week, have the authority to hire and fire, and devote 80 percent of their time to supervising employees.
MAILBAG ...
"A masterful paper, and you are doing a masterful job in Georgia." Those are the words of Edgar Fuller, Executive Secretary of the Council of Chief State School Officers, who used them in a complimentary letter to Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix. "Congratulations on your Statement on Proposed Federal Legislation Affecting Public Education sent to your Georgia Congressional delegation under date of May 1, 1967,"Fuller continued. Superintendent Nix was also quoted in a recent edition of the National School Boards Association Newsletter.
The best-behaved children who visit the State Capitol on educational field trips are Negro children supervised by Negro teachers, writes a Capitol observer to Superintendent of Schools Jack P. Nix.
Page 9
Georgia
Vocational Association
Meets In June
M rs. H . 0. Carl1o 11.. le/1 , ll'ife o f !he Presidelll o f th e Georg ia Vo cati01 wl Associatio n , and Floyd John son , ce11/er , fa cin g camera , 11ew Preside11/ o f the A m eriCl/11 V ucatio11al Association , welcom e guests at th e an11twl G VA co11ventio11 at the R egency .
i'vfrs. Jam es S. Peters o f Manchester and Mr. Peters , right, Chairman o f th e State Board of Education , chat with Fred In gram , Secretary , G eorgia Association of Teachers of V ocation al A griculture. during the GVA convention.
OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
"Membership s:m the county Demo-
cratic Committee is a political position and not a county office . For this reason the general prohibition of Georgia Code Ann . Sec. 89-103 respecting an an individual holding two county of-
NSBA Supports Georgia Proposal
Delegates from the G~orgia School Boards Association and other Southeastern state associations received overwhelming support for a resolution concerning HEW guidelines for school desegregation during the recent annual convention of NSBA. The GSBAsponsored resolution, adopted 87-3 by NSBA , reads as follows:
"The National School Boards Association believes that policies and guide line statements for school desegregation should be in keeping with the intent and provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and should be uniformly applicable throughout the nation."
Top Students Honored
Coosa Valley Area Vocational-Technical School has begun a new program to recognize academic excellence. Students with a grade average of 91 or better are placed on a "Director's List" at the end of each school quarter.
Page 10
fices would be inapplicable, and , in the absence of any local law to the contrary, a person could hold the county office and political position at the same time ."
"The governing authorities of counties or municipalities desiring to establish and maintain area vocational trade schools are authorized to levy a tax for such purposes. The circ*mstances under which the tax could 'be levied would be where the participating subdivisions have entered into . an agreement for the establishment and maintenance of an area vocational trade school.
"It is uncertain as to whether or not the tax authorized by Article VII , Section VI, Paragraph I (d), (Sec. 2-5901 (d)) would be subject to the millage lim itations of Article VIII, Section XII, Paragraph I (Ga. Laws 1966, p. 1028). If forced to hazard a guess, however, it would be my opinion that the courts would more likely than not hold that the millage limitation of the latter constitutional proyision does not apply to taxation for an area vocational trade school created and maintained under Article VII, Section VI, Paragraph 1 (d).
"Inasmuch as it is the governing authorities of the participating political subdivisions and not the joint board created to administer the area vocational trade school which fix the local
tax rates for support of the school, I am unaware of any means by which either_ the joint board or the boards of education of the participating subdivisions could "assure" the State Board of Education that the local funds necessary for defraying the costs of operation of such school will be provided.
"The State Board of Education may legally require local funds to be raised by the participating subdivisions as a condition of the grant of State funds to assist in the establishment and maintenance of the area vocational trade school."
***
"Inasmuch as the school lunch program is financed by county funds raised for this purpose and not from the general school fund (the operation of such program not being an educational purpose) it would seem quite clear that school funds could not legally be used to purchase uniforms for school lunch personnel. While the situation is less clear respecting such personnel as school bus drivers and janitors , it would be to my thinking that the courts would more likely than not hold that these expenditures too are not reasonably necessary or incidental to the providing of an education to pupils in the public schools and hence would constitute an illegal expenditure of the public school fund."
Superi11tendent of Schools Jack P . Nix , left, and Lt. G01em or George T. Smith , center, discuss th e G VA con vention with G eorge Mullin g,
Director of V ocational Education , right.
Ray Greeson, left, State Supervisor, Distributive Education A rea Programs, talks with Rulon Johnson , Past President of the G eorgia D.E. Teach ers.
Mrs. Ralph Hobbs of Columbus, M ember, State Board o f Edu cation , addresses a sessio11 during th e a/IJIIWI GVA con venti01i lion Area Programs , a11d Miss E lean or Cam arata , R President , GVA.
ESEA Amendments Pass House; Senate Okays Supplemental Funds
The House of Representatives May 25 passed a substantially altered version of the Johnson Administration's elementary and secondary amendments (HR 7819). The bill represents only a partial victory for the Administration, according to the NEA Division of Federal Relations Newsletter. Although the proposed Republican " block grant" approach was killed, the authority of the U. S. Office of Education would be severely curtailed.
As finally passed, the bill contains provisions suggested by Rep. Edith Green (D.-Oregon) which would place Titles III and V of ESEA under a state plan system . Supplementary services and innovative projects would be approved by the states rather than by USOE. And the proposed set-aside of 15 %, for USOE-approved special projects under Title V would be eliminated . The measure now goes to the Senate, where full hearings will be held.
On the same day, the Senate passed the second supplemental appropria-
Something New!
Something new has been added to the curriculum at both Savannah and Waycross Area Vocational-Technical Schools. Forest harvesting technology will be offered with the school year beginning Aug. 14, 1967. The course has been planned in response to demands of the growing forestry industry in Georgia.
tion bill for Fiscal 1967. The bill, now ready for the President's signature, provides $3 ,823 ,700 for the Teacher Corps with a proviso that none of the funds appropriated shall be available until the authorization to pay teachers in fiscal 1968 is enacted into law.
Other education-related items in the bill include higher education facilities construction ($2,122,775); education improvement for the handicapped ($2,475 ,000) ; assistance for school construction (P. L. 815) ($30 ,000,000) health manpower education and utilization ($500,000) ; health professions education fund ($1 0,000,000) ; nurse training fund ($2 ,000,000); Economic Opportunity Summer Programs ($75,000,000) .
The bill deletes the Administration's request for $20 million operating funds under P.L. 874 and cuts $18 .8 million from the request for construction funds under P .L. 815.
New House Education and Labor Committee Chairman Carl D. Perkins told Ohio County Superintendents:
"Ten to 15 years from now I expect the federal government to be spending somewhere between $18 and $20 billion for the nation's schools. But the amount of money we appropriate," he continued, "is going to depend on how you use these funds and how soon we are able to go to a general aid approach. "
Perkins stressed, however, that Congress is first going to make sure that
disadvantaged children are aided directly before adoption of a general federal aid approach, even though members of the "minority tell me they can go along with a general aid bill."
Walker Board Wins Top Award
For the second consecutive year the Walker County Board of Education has won a top award from the nation's classroom teachers for "outstanding leadership in providing quality education." The Board received the Thorn MeAn Award for the Southeast Region for school systems with more than 6,000 students. It is presented annually by the Department of Classroom Teachers of the National Education Association.
Safety Material Available to Schools
The Institute of Makers of Explosives, in a continuing safety campaign, offers to schools free bookmarks, posters and other materials citing the dangers of blasting caps. The organization is in the midst of its 1967 mailing, and will send almost unlimited supplies of these safety materials upon request from school officials . IME's address is 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017.
Page 11
ON BOARD
(Con tinued fro m page 7)
translato r to serve the SummervilleTrio n area; approved two contracts for data process ing programming and a nalys is service; approved a contract for central accounting fo r ass istance in development of repo rting systems; approved a cont ract between th e State Department of E ducatio n and the D epartment of F amily and Children Services to prov ide for reimbursem*nt to the F ood Distributio n Services Section of the Education Department fur the cost of di stributing fe derall y-furn ished foods fo r F amily and Chil dren Se rvices; approved rev ision of State Board policy on payment to local systems for psychological se rvices; approved a contract for mov ing the Macon fi lm libra ry; approved the operating budge t forCJa rke County Schools fo r Fiscal 1967; approved designation of the D irector of Pickens Area Vocational-Technical School as secretarytreasurer of the Board of Education of the school; approved rebudgeting of funds held by Georgia E ducation Au thority fo r Mu scogee District; approved a recommendatio n that salaries of Secti on 12 personnel be their certificate salaries so long as they work in the fi eld of ce rtification ; transferred to the
Walker Gets Follow-Thro
An innovative cl ass room setting th at a llows fi rst graders to learn in an info rm al and exciting atmosphere awaits 260 Walk er County F ollow T hrough yo ungsters in the school district's new pil ot proj ect in L aFayette.
"The cl assroom diffe rs from the traditio na l cl assroom ," according to Superintendent E. G . Summers, "in that it is divided into learning centers. This classroom is to be child oriented and is planned fo r th e comfort and learning advantages it wi ll provide for th e chil d . "
T he "cl assroom" consists of a large area divided by low bookshelves into a language arts , recreational reading, social living and fin e arts, sc ience and math center, p lus a teacher planning and conference center. Chairs and tables are informally arranged and the ent ire area is fill ed with a variety of
new materials specially purchased to appea l to th e yo ungsters. Classroom teach ers, aides, a parent coordin ator, speech therapi st, psych ologist, soci al worker, part-time physician, public he alth nurse, resource teachers, and a host of volunteers make up the staff.
Walker is one of 30 school systems in the country which have received grants from the U . S. Office of Education to set up similar Follow-Through programs for youngsters who have participated in a Head Start Program. Under the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, the systems will receive up to $ 10,000 for the planning phase of the pilot program.
Follow-Thro ugh is a new, nationwide program to be initiated in elementary schools thi s fall to reinforce and advance th e accompli shments of Head Start.
DeKalb Co unty Board of E ducation funds all otted to th e Ben Hill County Board of Education and Fitzgerald City Board of E ducation under the seri es 1967-A Bond Issue.
Next Board meeting: August 23 .
Guide Available
A "Guide for Equipping Indu strial Arts Facilities" is new from the American Industrial Arts Association. Copies are available for $4.75 from the National Education A ssoci ation .
Acqu i stlt ions Div. Unive r sity of Ga . Li brarie s Uni versity of Geo rgia Athens, Ga. 30601
BULK RATE U . S. Postage
PAID
Atl anta , Georgia Permit Number 168
